Liu Xiaojin, Kamperman Marleen
Polymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 3, Groningen, 9747 AG, the Netherlands.
Mater Today Bio. 2025 Aug 11;34:102191. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102191. eCollection 2025 Oct.
As one of the leading hospital-acquired infections (HAI), catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) can not only give rise to high treatment costs, but may also lead to serious after effects like pyelonephritis, sepsis, bacteremia, and even death. In order to reduce the infection risk, a lot of efforts have been devoted to the development of antibacterial urinary catheters such as antibiotic-coated catheters. With the emergence of antibiotic resistance, the design of alternative antibacterial strategies such as stimuli-responsive coatings for combating CAUTIs has attracted increasing interest in recent years. In this review, we summarize recent advances of bacteria-responsive coatings that are specially designed for urinary catheters. Based on the specific microenvironments of CAUTIs, various responsive coatings triggered by pH changes and bacterial metabolites such as enzymes and toxins, have been developed. The design principles, fabrication approaches and antibacterial performance of such smart coatings are discussed based on representative examples. Finally, a brief perspective is presented on the challenges and future of bacteria-responsive coatings for urinary catheters.
作为主要的医院获得性感染（HAI）之一，导尿管相关尿路感染（CAUTIs）不仅会导致高昂的治疗费用，还可能引发严重的后遗症，如肾盂肾炎、败血症、菌血症，甚至死亡。为了降低感染风险，人们致力于开发抗菌导尿管，如抗生素涂层导尿管。随着抗生素耐药性的出现，近年来，用于对抗CAUTIs的替代抗菌策略（如刺激响应涂层）的设计引起了越来越多的关注。在这篇综述中，我们总结了专门为导尿管设计的细菌响应涂层的最新进展。基于CAUTIs的特定微环境，已经开发出了由pH变化以及细菌代谢产物（如酶和毒素）触发的各种响应涂层。基于代表性实例，讨论了此类智能涂层的设计原理、制备方法和抗菌性能。最后，简要展望了导尿管细菌响应涂层面临的挑战和未来发展。
