Case Report: Polymyxin E-associated reversible leukopenia.

INTRODUCTION

With the increasing challenge of antibiotic resistance, polymyxin E is considered a last-line treatment option for infections caused by highly resistant bacteria. However, its use may lead to various adverse reactions, such as nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and allergic reactions.

CASE PRESENTATION

This study describes a case of polymyxin E-associated leukopenia in a 50-year-old female treated for infection. During polymyxin E therapy, the patient developed leukopenia, with white blood cell (WBC) counts declining from 5.65×10/L to 0.91×10/L. The condition resolved progressively after the cessation of polymyxin E. The Naranjo scale yielded a score of 7 for polymyxin E-associated leukopenia, while other medications scored ≤0. The WHO-Uppsala Monitoring Centre (WHO-UMC) causality classification system categorized the relationship as 'probable.'

CONCLUSION

These findings suggest that polymyxin E likely induces leukopenia, emphasizing the need for rigorous WBC monitoring during treatment and prompt discontinuation when hematologic abnormalities emerge to minimize patient health risks.