Gaye Alioune, Diagne Moussa Moïse, Diallo Diawo, Ndiaye El Hadji, Ndione Marie Henriette Dior, Gaye Moussa, Dieng Idrissa, Dieng Madeleine, Kane Mouhamed, Sankhe Safietou, Diouf Babacar, Sy Faty Amadou, Weldon Caroline, Dia Ibrahima, Weaver Scott C, Diallo Mawlouth
Zoology Medical Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Sep 3;25(1):1098. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-11402-7.
Chikungunya fever (CHIK) caused by the mosquito-borne chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and transmitted by mosquitoes, remains a public health burden throughout the tropics. During the CHIK outbreak in southeastern Senegal in August 2023, an entomologic investigation was conducted to identify the vector(s) and characterize the virus strains.
Adult mosquitoes were collected indoors and outdoors from houses of confirmed CHIK cases and their immediate neighborhoods using Prokopack aspirators and double-net traps and all water containers were inspected for aquatic stages. Mosquito pools were tested for CHIKV by RT-qPCR and positive samples were subjected to whole genome sequencing using Illumina iSeq system.
Animal watering points, bricks, and tree holes were the most common sites for larvae and pupae. While immature were found in all affected villages, with Breteau and Container indices exceeding the WHO epidemic thresholds, emerged as the most abundant host-seeking species collected in domestic areas. CHIKV was detected in 31 mosquito pools, primarily in (22 pools) and only one pool of . Other species accounted for 8 positive pools and complex, the primary malaria vector, one pool. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the close relationship between 2023 CHIKV strains circulating in humans and mosquitoes, and those responsible for the 2015 outbreak.
Our study highlights the urgent need to include sylvatic mosquitoes in surveillance and control programs that until now have mainly focused on . Moreover, the potential role of in the CHIKV transmission in Senegal warrants further investigation.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-025-11402-7.
由蚊子传播的基孔肯雅病毒（CHIKV）引起的基孔肯雅热（CHIK）在整个热带地区仍然是一个公共卫生负担。在2023年8月塞内加尔东南部的基孔肯雅热疫情期间，进行了一项昆虫学调查，以确定传播媒介并对病毒株进行特征分析。
使用Prokopack吸虫器和双层网捕集器，从确诊的基孔肯雅热病例的房屋及其紧邻区域的室内和室外收集成年蚊子，并检查所有水容器中的水生阶段。通过RT-qPCR对蚊群进行基孔肯雅病毒检测，阳性样本使用Illumina iSeq系统进行全基因组测序。
动物饮水点、砖块和树洞是幼虫和蛹最常见的栖息地。虽然在所有受影响的村庄都发现了未成熟个体，布雷图指数和容器指数超过了世界卫生组织的流行阈值，但埃及伊蚊是在居民区收集到的最丰富的嗜人按蚊种类。在31个蚊群中检测到基孔肯雅病毒，主要在埃及伊蚊（22个蚊群）中，只有一个蚊群的白纹伊蚊检测到。其他按蚊种类占8个阳性蚊群，而主要疟疾传播媒介冈比亚按蚊复合体占1个蚊群。系统发育分析证实了2023年在人类和蚊子中传播的基孔肯雅病毒株与2015年疫情的病毒株之间的密切关系。
我们的研究强调迫切需要将野生蚊子纳入监测和控制计划，而这些计划迄今为止主要集中在埃及伊蚊上。此外，白纹伊蚊在塞内加尔基孔肯雅病毒传播中的潜在作用值得进一步研究。
在线版本包含可在10.1186/s12879-025-11402-7获取的补充材料。
