Roba Habtamu, Asefa Lechisa, Karbana Gedano, Werku Megersa, Tesfaye Biruk, Gobena Dayu, Kumela Gudeta, Lemma Hailu
Institute of Health, Department of Environmental Health Science, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia.
Institute of Health, Department of Public Health, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Sep 2;25(1):3033. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-24391-8.
Poor solid waste management occurs when household owners fail to properly segregate, store, and dispose of waste at unauthorized dumping sites or in open fields throughout the town. This negligence leads to environmental pollution, water contamination, and adverse health effects in developing urban areas. The 3Rs (reduce, reuse, and recycle) are fundamental principle in solid waste management. They aim to minimize waste by decreasing resource consumption (reduce), encouraging the repeated use of items (reuse), and transforming waste into new products or energy (recycle). Therefore, this study aims to evaluate domestic solid waste management practices and their determining factors in Bule Hora town.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 361 households of Bule Hora Town. Study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Data was collected by using a pre-tested questionnaire and an observational checklist. The collected data was entered into EpiData version 4.6.1 and subsequently exported to SPSS version 26 for statistical analysis. Logistic regression analysis with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was employed to identify factors associated with domestic solid waste management practices. Variables with a p-value of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
The domestic solid waste management practices in Bule Hora town were found to be inadequate, with a rating of only 66.7%. This deficiency can be attributed primarily to poor institutional conditions (77.3%), insufficient funding support for solid waste management initiatives from the municipality (84.4%), and inadequate collection services (74.5%). Approximately two-thirds of respondents (67.6%) indicated that the city does not implement safe and reliable solid waste management practices to meet the needs of residents. The study participants revealed that larger families are more likely to engage in poor solid waste management practices compared to smaller families (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 4.35; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 2.73-6.97; p = 0.001). Additionally, households with low average incomes were found to be 6.63 times more likely to practice poor solid waste management than those with higher incomes (AOR = 6.63; 95% CI 4.01-10.98; p = 0.002).
This study showed that, the domestic solid waste management system in Bule Hora town is inadequate. We recommend that the town implement community awareness programs and enhance municipal solid waste collection services. Additionally, homeowners should focus on reducing waste volume through reuse, recycling, and energy recovery initiatives.
当家庭业主未能在整个城镇的未经授权的垃圾倾倒场或露天场地正确分类、储存和处理垃圾时，就会出现固体废弃物管理不善的情况。这种疏忽在发展中的城市地区会导致环境污染、水污染以及对健康产生不利影响。3R原则（减少、再利用和回收）是固体废弃物管理的基本原则。它们旨在通过减少资源消耗（减少）、鼓励物品的重复使用（再利用）以及将废物转化为新产品或能源（回收）来尽量减少废物。因此，本研究旨在评估布勒霍拉镇的家庭固体废弃物管理实践及其决定因素。
在布勒霍拉镇的361户家庭中进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。研究参与者采用系统随机抽样技术进行选择。数据通过使用预先测试的问卷和观察清单收集。收集到的数据输入到EpiData 4.6.1版本中，随后导出到SPSS 26版本进行统计分析。采用95%置信区间（CI）的逻辑回归分析来确定与家庭固体废弃物管理实践相关的因素。p值小于0.05的变量被认为具有统计学意义。
发现布勒霍拉镇的家庭固体废弃物管理实践存在不足，评级仅为66.7%。这一缺陷主要可归因于机构条件差（77.3%）、市政府对固体废弃物管理举措的资金支持不足（84.4%）以及收集服务不足（74.5%）。大约三分之二的受访者（67.6%）表示，该市没有实施安全可靠的固体废弃物管理实践来满足居民的需求。研究参与者表明，与小家庭相比，大家庭更有可能采取不良的固体废弃物管理实践（调整后的优势比[AOR] = 4.35；95%置信区间[CI] 2.73 - 6.97；p = 0.001）。此外，发现平均收入低的家庭采取不良固体废弃物管理实践的可能性是高收入家庭的6.63倍（AOR = 6.63；95% CI 4.01 - 10.98；p = 0.002）。
本研究表明，布勒霍拉镇的家庭固体废弃物管理系统存在不足。我们建议该镇实施社区意识项目并加强市政固体废弃物收集服务。此外，房主应通过再利用、回收和能源回收举措专注于减少垃圾量。
