尼泊尔患者鼻腔和鼻中隔的解剖变异：在一家三级医疗中心进行的回顾性横断面研究。
Anatomical variants of nasal cavities and nasal septum in Nepalese patients: a retrospective cross-sectional study at a tertiary care center.
作者信息
Dahal Prajwal, Poudel Sagar, Pradhan Prajina, Ghimire Samjhana, Parajuli Sabina, Dhakal Natasha
机构信息
Department of Radiology and Imaging, Grande International Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Nepal Medical Association, Kathmandu, Nepal.
出版信息
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2025 Aug 7;87(9):5482-5493. doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000003692. eCollection 2025 Sep.
BACKGROUND
Variants of nasal septum and structures of nasal cavity are key in nasal surgeries, with some linked to certain pathologies. This study aims to determine their prevalence in the Nepali population at our hospital.
METHOD
A retrospective, cross section study was conducted at a private hospital in Nepal with 342 adults (aged >13). Two radiologists assessed CT scans for variants of nasal septum, nasal septum deviation angles, and variants of the nasal turbinates and pneumatized uncinate process. Nasal septum deviations were graded from I to IV, and gender-specific prevalences and mean nasal septal deviation (NSD) angle were calculated. Statistical significance was tested using chi-squared test, -tests, and ANOVA.
RESULTS
The prevalences were: nasal septum deviation (76.68%), septal spur (41.98%), septal pneumatization (40.23%), hypertrophied inferior turbinate (38.48%), lamellar concha (34.11%), concha bullosa (CB) (19.83%), supreme turbinate (9.33%), paradoxical middle turbinates (9.33%) and pneumatized uncinate process (8.45%). Nasal septum deviation was right-sided in 34.11%, left-sided in 34.40%, and S-shaped in 8.16%. The prevalences of nasal septum types were: type I (30.9%), type II (48.1%), type III (16.91%), and type IV (4.08%). The mean septal deviation angle was 6.77° (SD 4.52°).The mean septal deviation in deviated septum was 8.64° (SD 3.2°) Significant association were found between deviated septum and septal spur, CB, hypertrophied inferior turbinate, and paradoxical middle turbinate ( < 0.001, 0.012, 0.001, 0.016), as well as between variants of NSD and sides of CB, hypertrophied inferior turbinate, and septal spur ( = 0.006, <0.001, <0.001). The prevalence of CB was significantly high in female ( = 0.001). There was significant association of types of nasal septum with CB ( = 0.003). There was significant difference in deviation angle between variants of deviated nasal septum ( = 0.048), notably between septum deviated to left side and "S"-shaped nasal septum ( = 0.024).
CONCLUSION
Recognizing variants of nasal septum and nasal cavities is crucial to prevent surgical complications.
背景
鼻中隔变异和鼻腔结构在鼻腔手术中至关重要，其中一些与特定病理状况相关。本研究旨在确定我院尼泊尔人群中这些变异的发生率。
方法
在尼泊尔一家私立医院对342名成年人（年龄>13岁）进行了一项回顾性横断面研究。两名放射科医生评估CT扫描结果，以确定鼻中隔变异、鼻中隔偏曲角度、鼻甲变异和气化钩突情况。鼻中隔偏曲分为I至IV级，并计算了性别特异性发生率和平均鼻中隔偏曲（NSD）角度。使用卡方检验、t检验和方差分析进行统计学显著性检验。
结果
发生率如下：鼻中隔偏曲（76.68%）、鼻中隔棘突（41.98%）、鼻中隔气化（40.23%）、下鼻甲肥大（38.48%）、片状鼻甲（34.11%）、泡状鼻甲（CB）（19.83%）、最上鼻甲（9.33%）、反常中鼻甲（9.33%）和气化钩突（8.45%）。鼻中隔偏曲右侧占34.11%，左侧占34.40%，S形占8.16%。鼻中隔类型的发生率为：I型（30.9%）、II型（48.1%）、III型（16.91%）和IV型（4.08%）。平均鼻中隔偏曲角度为6.77°（标准差4.52°）。偏曲鼻中隔的平均偏曲度为8.64°（标准差3.2°）。发现鼻中隔偏曲与鼻中隔棘突、CB、下鼻甲肥大和反常中鼻甲之间存在显著关联（P<0.001、0.012、0.001、0.016），以及NSD变异与CB、下鼻甲肥大和鼻中隔棘突的侧别之间存在显著关联（P = 0.006、P<0.001、P<0.001）。CB在女性中的发生率显著较高（P = 0.001）。鼻中隔类型与CB之间存在显著关联（P = 0.003）。偏曲鼻中隔变异之间的偏曲角度存在显著差异（P = 0.048），特别是左侧偏曲鼻中隔与“S”形鼻中隔之间（P = 0.024）。
结论
认识鼻中隔和鼻腔变异对于预防手术并发症至关重要。
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