Carballo José Luis, Martínez-León Miguel Ángel, Coloma-Carmona Ainhoa, Pérez-Jover Virtudes, Del Castillo-López Álvaro García, Sancho-Domingo Clara, Pelegrín-Muñoz Antonia, van-der Hofstadt-Román Carlos
Department of Health Psychology and Center for Applied Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, Elche, Spain.
Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2025 Aug 19;16:1552824. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1552824. eCollection 2025.
The use of alcohol is a prevalent phenomenon among adolescents. Several brief intervention strategies have been developed to prevent the progression of alcohol use to high-risk levels. The consumer profile, including whether they have consumed one or more substances, may be a key variable in analyzing the effectiveness of interventions.
This study consists in a secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial (PREVENALC) to examine the effectiveness of a brief intervention based on the Guided Self-Change Program (GSC) and its interaction with substance use profile. Participants were the 629 students in the experimental arm of PREVENALC who received the GSC and completed the pretest, posttest, and 6-moth follow-up measures. The sample was categorized into two groups according to substance use profile: Group of Alcohol Users (GA) ( = 438, 76.8%) and Group of Alcohol and Cannabis Users (GAC) ( = 144, 23.2%). Alcohol consumption (Standard Drinking Units (SDUs), binge episodes and days of abstinence) and problematic drinking were considered as primary variables. Readiness to change and self-efficacy were considered as secondary variables.
Overall, GAC students demonstrated higher rates of alcohol consumption and lower levels of readiness to change at baseline. Both groups reduced the total amount of alcohol, binge drinking episodes and problematic drinking and increased the percentage days of abstinence in the last month. Nevertheless, GAC reduced the amount of alcohol in the last month more significantly than GA. However, the GAC did not maintain improvements in terms of the percentage of days of abstinence in the medium term.
Future research should consider substance use profiles when evaluating the efficacy of interventions. Furthermore, large sample designs, control groups and longer follow-ups are required.
饮酒在青少年中是一种普遍现象。已经开发了几种简短干预策略来防止饮酒行为发展到高风险水平。消费者特征，包括他们是否使用过一种或多种物质，可能是分析干预措施有效性的关键变量。
本研究包括对一项随机对照试验（PREVENALC）的数据进行二次分析，以检验基于引导式自我改变计划（GSC）的简短干预措施的有效性及其与物质使用特征的相互作用。参与者是PREVENALC试验组中接受GSC并完成前测、后测和6个月随访测量的629名学生。根据物质使用特征将样本分为两组：饮酒者组（GA）（n = 438，76.8%）和饮酒及吸食大麻者组（GAC）（n = 144，23.2%）。酒精消费量（标准饮酒单位（SDU）、暴饮次数和戒酒天数）和问题饮酒被视为主要变量。改变的意愿和自我效能被视为次要变量。
总体而言，GAC组学生在基线时表现出更高的酒精消费率和更低的改变意愿水平。两组在最后一个月都减少了酒精总量、暴饮次数和问题饮酒，并增加了戒酒天数的百分比。然而，GAC组在最后一个月减少的酒精量比GA组更显著。然而，GAC组在中期戒酒天数百分比方面没有保持改善。
未来的研究在评估干预措施的效果时应考虑物质使用特征。此外，还需要大样本设计、对照组和更长时间的随访。
