Siponen Rebecca, Andersson Anneli, Oskarsson Sofi, Garcia-Argibay Miguel, Beckley Amber L, Långström Niklas, Fazel Seena, Chang Zheng, Larsson Henrik, Evans Brittany, Tuvblad Catherine
School of Law, Psychology and Social work, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
J Crim Justice. 2023 Jan;84:102009. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2022.102009.
Youth offenders have a high risk of being injured or dying prematurely. However, few studies have considered the role of imprisonment and potential childhood risk factors for these high rates.
To examine the risk of unintentional injury and premature death in non-imprisoned and imprisoned youth offenders, and to examine the role of parental criminal convictions and psychiatric disorders and own childhood psychiatric disorders.
All individuals (N = 1,839,711) born in Sweden between 1978 and 1996 were identified using Swedish population-based registers. The exposure was criminal conviction between ages 15-20 years of age.
Imprisoned youth offenders had the highest risk for unintentional injury (HR = 2.29 [2.19-2.40]) and premature death (HR = 10.76 [9.52-12.16]), followed by nonimprisoned youth offenders, compared to non-convicted youth. All childhood risk factors increased the risk for these outcomes among non-imprisoned youth offenders. Among imprisoned youth offenders, parental criminal convictions and parental psychiatric disorders increased the risk for unintentional injury, and parental psychiatric disorders and own childhood psychiatric disorders increased the risk for premature death.
Our study shows there are robust modifiable childhood risk factors for injury and mortality among youth offenders. However, the importance of them to assess risk may differ between non-imprisoned and imprisoned youth offenders.
摘要 背景：青少年罪犯面临受伤或过早死亡的高风险。然而，很少有研究考虑监禁的作用以及导致这些高比率的潜在童年风险因素。
研究非监禁和监禁青少年罪犯非故意伤害和过早死亡的风险，并研究父母的刑事定罪、精神障碍以及自身童年精神障碍的作用。
利用瑞典基于人群的登记册识别出1978年至1996年在瑞典出生的所有个体（N = 1,839,711）。暴露因素为15至20岁之间的刑事定罪。
与未被定罪的青少年相比，被监禁的青少年罪犯非故意伤害（风险比[HR]=2.29[2.19 - 2.40]）和过早死亡（HR = 10.76[9.52 - 12.16]）的风险最高，其次是非监禁的青少年罪犯。所有童年风险因素都会增加非监禁青少年罪犯出现这些结果的风险。在被监禁的青少年罪犯中，父母的刑事定罪和父母的精神障碍会增加非故意伤害的风险，而父母的精神障碍和自身童年精神障碍会增加过早死亡的风险。
我们的研究表明，青少年罪犯中存在可改变的、对受伤和死亡风险有显著影响的童年风险因素。然而，它们在评估风险方面的重要性在非监禁和监禁青少年罪犯中可能有所不同。
