Zhang Yikang, Otgaar Henry, Nash Robert A, Li Chunlin
Department of Criminology, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Crime, Security and Law, Freiburg, Germany.
Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
R Soc Open Sci. 2025 Sep 3;12(9):251045. doi: 10.1098/rsos.251045. eCollection 2025 Sep.
Memory distrust, the subjective appraisal of one's memory functioning, comprises two aspects: distrust over omission errors (e.g. forgetting) and distrust over commission errors (e.g. falsely remembering). Although these aspects have been studied, how they relate to memory validation (e.g. forming autobiographical beliefs) and memory reporting remains unclear. In this study, we experimentally examined how metacognitive appraisals influence memory validation and errors in memory reporting. Participants ( = 622, = 38.67, s.d. = 12.23) completed a memory task where they received inaccurate feedback about a tendency to make either commission errors, omission errors or no feedback. They then performed a second recognition task. Compared to the control group, those who received feedback suggesting a tendency to make commission errors showed a shift towards a more conservative response criterion. In contrast, those who received feedback indicating a tendency to make omission errors shifted towards a more liberal criterion. However, manipulation checks did not confirm that our manipulations affected state memory distrust as expected, and we did not find sufficient evidence that the effect of feedback operated through changes in state memory distrust. Possible explanations and future directions are discussed.
记忆不信任，即个体对自身记忆功能的主观评估，包括两个方面：对遗漏错误（如遗忘）的不信任和对错误记忆（如错误回忆）的不信任。尽管对这些方面已有研究，但它们与记忆验证（如形成自传体信念）以及记忆报告之间的关系仍不明确。在本研究中，我们通过实验考察了元认知评估如何影响记忆验证以及记忆报告中的错误。参与者（(n = 622)，(M = 38.67)，标准差( = 12.23)）完成了一项记忆任务，在该任务中他们收到了关于出现错误记忆倾向、遗漏错误倾向或无反馈的不准确反馈。然后他们进行了第二项识别任务。与对照组相比，那些收到暗示有错误记忆倾向反馈的人表现出向更保守反应标准的转变。相反，那些收到暗示有遗漏错误倾向反馈的人则转向了更宽松的标准。然而，操纵检验并未证实我们的操纵如预期那样影响了状态记忆不信任，并且我们没有找到充分证据表明反馈的效果是通过状态记忆不信任的变化来起作用的。我们讨论了可能的解释和未来的研究方向。
