Semiokhina A F, Ochinskaia E I, Rubtsova N B, Pleskacheva M G, Krushinskiĭ L V
Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova. 1985 Nov-Dec;35(6):1110-7.
Sharp EEG changes are recorded in bioelectrical activity of the dorsal cortex and dorsal ventricular edge in marsh tortoises in conditions of free movement during solving of an extrapolation task (a test of elementary reasoning ability). These changes of a pathological character, accompanied by neurotic states, were observed in some animals having correctly solved the task several times in succession (2-5), beginning with the first presentation. Such changes of EEG and behaviour were not found in tortoises that committed errors at first presentations of the task and only gradually learned correct solving. Formation of the adequate behaviour can proceed by two means: on the basis of elementary reasoning ability and learning. Disturbance of adequate behaviour in the experiment with characteristic changes of EEG testifies to a difficult state of the animal during solving of the extrapolation task.
在解决外推任务（一种基本推理能力测试）的自由活动条件下，对沼泽龟背侧皮质和背侧脑室边缘的生物电活动进行记录，发现脑电图有明显变化。在一些连续正确完成任务2至5次（从首次呈现任务开始）的动物中观察到了这些具有病理特征且伴有神经状态的变化。在任务首次呈现时出错且只是逐渐学会正确解决方法的乌龟中，未发现脑电图和行为的这种变化。适当行为的形成可以通过两种方式进行：基于基本推理能力和学习。在实验中，脑电图特征性变化伴随着适当行为的干扰，这证明动物在解决外推任务时处于困难状态。
