Trangenstein Pamela J, Greenfield Thomas K, Patterson Deidre M, Kerr William C
Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute.
Cannabis. 2025 Jul 15;8(2):18-32. doi: 10.26828/cannabis/2025/000235. eCollection 2025.
This study used data from early stages of non-medical cannabis legalization in Washington State to 1) Compare cannabis dispensary density measures by urbanicity, 2) Test if dispensary density was associated with cannabis use overall and by urbanicity.
Data are from the Privatization of Spirits in Washington Surveys ( = 2,162 adults) and licensing records. We graphed six cannabis dispensary density measures by urbanicity. Logistic regressions tested if dispensary density was associated with 1) cannabis use at least bimonthly and 2) daily/near-daily cannabis use after adjusting for urbanicity. Regressions stratified by urbanicity determined whether associations differed in urban vs. suburban/rural areas.
Crude counts and counts per population were higher in suburban/rural areas. Counts per land area, counts in a 3- to 5-mile buffer, proximity, and clustering detected greater densities in urban areas. Monthly/bimonthly cannabis use was associated with counts per buffer in the full sample ( = 1.08 [1.02, 1.14]) and urban areas ( = 1.08 [1.02, 1.14]). Clustering was associated with monthly/bimonthly use in suburban/rural areas ( = 7.85 [1.31, 47.17]). Daily/near-daily use was associated with proximity and clustering in the full sample (proximity: = 0.78 [0.64, 0.97]; clustering: = 2.44 [1.32, 4.51]), urban areas (proximity: = 0.67 [0.49, 0.92]; clustering: = 2.29 [1.22, 4.32]), and suburban/rural areas (proximity: = 0.66 [0.45, 0.97]; clustering: = 11.10 [1.55, 79.36]).
In Washington's early non-medical cannabis market, dispensary availability (counts) was associated with monthly/bimonthly use. Accessibility (proximity) and clustering were associated with daily/near-daily use. Dispensary density thresholds and minimum distances between dispensaries may reduce regular and frequent cannabis use in Washington.
本研究使用华盛顿州非医用大麻合法化早期阶段的数据，以1）按城市化程度比较大麻药房密度指标，2）检验药房密度是否与总体大麻使用以及按城市化程度的大麻使用相关。
数据来自华盛顿酒精私有化调查（n = 2162名成年人）和许可记录。我们按城市化程度绘制了六种大麻药房密度指标。逻辑回归检验了在调整城市化程度后，药房密度是否与1）至少每两个月使用一次大麻以及2）每日/近乎每日使用大麻相关。按城市化程度分层的回归确定了城市与郊区/农村地区的关联是否存在差异。
郊区/农村地区的原始计数和每人口计数更高。每土地面积计数、3至5英里缓冲区内的计数、接近度和聚集度在城市地区检测到更高的密度。在全样本（β = 1.08 [1.02, 1.14]）和城市地区（β = 1.08 [1.02, 1.14]）中每月/每两个月使用大麻与每个缓冲区的计数相关。在郊区/农村地区，聚集度与每月/每两个月使用大麻相关（β = 7.85 [1.31, 47.17]）。在全样本（接近度：β = 0.78 [0.64, 0.97]；聚集度：β = 2.44 [1.32, 4.51]）、城市地区（接近度：β = 0.67 [0.49, 0.92]；聚集度：β = 2.29 [1.22, 4.32]）和郊区/农村地区（接近度：β = 0.66 [0.45, 0.97]；聚集度：β = 11.10 [1.55, 79.36]）中，每日/近乎每日使用大麻与接近度和聚集度相关。
在华盛顿早期的非医用大麻市场中，药房可及性（计数）与每月/每两个月使用大麻相关。可及性（接近度）和聚集度与每日/近乎每日使用大麻相关。药房密度阈值和药房之间的最小距离可能会减少华盛顿州大麻的经常和频繁使用。
