Casasoprana A, Magnier S, Bloch G
Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris). 1985 Dec;34(10):665-72.
The appropriate time for surgical intervention in congenital cardiopathies is chosen as a function of several imperatives; psychological and family reasons militate in favour of an early intervention. In particular, in cardiopathies accompanied by pulmonary arterial hypertension (serious VSD, arterial transpositions with VSD, etc.) there is a risk of irreversible obstructive pulmonary arterial disease in the first months of life in some cases. This risk, added to those of cardiac insufficiency, prompts early intervention. The progressive risks of cyanotic cardiopathies: risks of intravascular thrombosis and of cerebral abscess have contributed to these cardiopathies being operated upon earlier than was done some years ago. The decision to be taken remains difficult for complex cardiopathies. Coarctations of the aorta are usually operated upon before the age of 4 years in order to avoid the risk of permanently fixed arterial hypertension and premature vascular degeneration. The operative indications in aortic stenoses are now guided not only by clinical data but also by an assessment of the haemodynamic tolerance by ultrasonography and exertion tests.
先天性心脏病外科干预的合适时机取决于多种因素；心理和家庭因素促使尽早进行干预。特别是，在伴有肺动脉高压的心脏病（严重室间隔缺损、伴有室间隔缺损的大动脉转位等）中，某些情况下在生命的最初几个月存在不可逆的阻塞性肺动脉疾病风险。这种风险，再加上心脏功能不全的风险，促使尽早进行干预。青紫型心脏病的渐进性风险：血管内血栓形成和脑脓肿的风险促使这些心脏病比几年前更早进行手术。对于复杂的心脏病，做出决定仍然很困难。主动脉缩窄通常在4岁之前进行手术，以避免永久性固定性动脉高血压和过早血管退变的风险。主动脉狭窄的手术指征现在不仅由临床数据指导，还由超声心动图和运动试验对血流动力学耐受性的评估来指导。
