麻木：精神分析反思

Deadness: psychoanalytic reflections.

作者信息

Akhtar Salman

机构信息

MD, 100 Grays Lane, PH-698, Haverford, PA, 19041, USA.

出版信息

Am J Psychoanal. 2025 Jun;85(2):213-235. doi: 10.1057/s11231-025-09511-y.

DOI:10.1057/s11231-025-09511-y

PMID:40915989

Abstract

This paper elucidates the subjective experience of 'deadness.' Categorizing it into melancholic (due to pervasive ego inhibitions secondary to guilt) and schizoid (due to the internalization of profound early neglect) types, the paper describes the manifestations of deadness in the realms of self-experience, interpersonal relations, and attitudes towards life and death. It also outlines therapeutic strategies to ameliorate 'deadness.' These include (i) maintaining awareness of the patient's 'alive' parts, (ii) holding and containing the patient's 'dead' parts, (iii) staying responsive to non-human transferences, (iv) drawing conjectures and interpretations from countertransference, and (v) translating 'nothingness' into 'no-thingness.'

摘要

本文阐释了“麻木感”的主观体验。该文将其分为抑郁型（因内疚导致普遍的自我抑制）和分裂型（因早期严重忽视的内化）两种类型，并描述了麻木感在自我体验、人际关系以及对生死态度等领域的表现。文章还概述了改善“麻木感”的治疗策略。这些策略包括：（i）保持对患者“有活力”部分的觉察；（ii）接纳并包容患者“麻木”的部分；（iii）对非人类移情保持敏感；（iv）从反移情中得出推测和解释；（v）将“虚无”转化为“无物”。