Valishin E S
Arkh Anat Gistol Embriol. 1985 Dec;89(12):60-7.
Morphological characteristics on adaptive abilities of the glomerular complex vessels in kidneys of 35 tortoises (Testudo horsfieldi) is presented under conditions of experimental alimentary dehydration and in intact kidneys of 29 pigeons (Columba livia). Appearance of transversal and circular anastomoses between the afferent and efferent arterioles of the glomeruli, as well as transformation of their capillaries into nutritional capillaries in the tortoise kidneys under the alimentary dehydration ensures realization of the periglomerular and aglomerular renal arterial blood circulation. These rearrangements, resulting in maximal water preservation in the organism under conditions of its obvious deficit, ensure vital activity of the animals at the expense of the secretory and readsorption processes, which predominate in the kidneys of the lower vertebrates. In the intact kidneys of the pigeon, the "spring-like" glomeruli of the capillaries are revealed for the first time; together with their urine-forming function it is worthwhile to consider them as damping mechanisms capable to reduce hydrodynamic stroke of blood.
本文呈现了35只四爪陆龟（Testudo horsfieldi）肾脏中肾小球复合体血管在实验性饮食性脱水条件下的适应性能力的形态学特征，以及29只家鸽（Columba livia）完整肾脏的情况。在饮食性脱水情况下，陆龟肾脏中肾小球的入球小动脉和出球小动脉之间出现横向和环状吻合，其毛细血管转变为营养性毛细血管，这确保了肾小球周围和无肾小球的肾动脉血液循环的实现。这些重新排列在机体明显缺水的情况下能最大程度地保存水分，通过分泌和重吸收过程维持动物的生命活动，而这些过程在低等脊椎动物的肾脏中占主导地位。在鸽子的完整肾脏中，首次发现了毛细血管呈“弹簧状”的肾小球；除了其形成尿液的功能外，还可将它们视为能够减少血液流体动力冲击的缓冲机制。
