Zhao Jialei, Tang Haibin, Xu Rutong, Chen Gang
Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 Aug 21;12:1622999. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1622999. eCollection 2025.
Chinese patent medicines (CPMs) have garnered increasing attention as therapeutic options for urinary tract infections (UTIs); however, robust evidence supporting their efficacy remains limited. To address this gap, we performed a network meta-analysis (NMA) incorporating both direct and indirect comparisons to systematically evaluate and rank the efficacy and safety profiles of CPMs for UTIs.
We systematically searched five electronic databases from their inception through April 2025. Data were analyzed using a frequentist approach with random-effects models.
Twenty-three studies with nine types of medicines and 3,250 patients were included in this study. While network meta-analysis suggested that Xueniaoan capsule with antibiotics (XNA_Ab) had the highest probability of being optimal, this conclusion requires cautious interpretation because of the low certainty of evidence from the included studies.
Several CPMs demonstrate potential therapeutic benefits for UTIs; however, these preliminary findings require validation through rigorously designed large-scale randomized controlled trials.
中成药作为尿路感染（UTIs）的治疗选择受到越来越多的关注；然而，支持其疗效的有力证据仍然有限。为了填补这一空白，我们进行了一项网络荟萃分析（NMA），纳入直接和间接比较，以系统评估和排名中成药治疗UTIs的疗效和安全性。
我们系统检索了五个电子数据库，从建库至2025年4月。使用基于频率论方法的随机效应模型进行数据分析。
本研究纳入了23项涉及9种药物和3250名患者的研究。虽然网络荟萃分析表明，血尿安胶囊联合抗生素（XNA_Ab）最有可能是最佳治疗方案，但由于纳入研究的证据确定性较低，这一结论需要谨慎解读。
几种中成药对UTIs显示出潜在的治疗益处；然而，这些初步发现需要通过严格设计的大规模随机对照试验进行验证。
