Jia Liu, Hongfei Du, Deyun Zhao
Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Front Pediatr. 2025 Aug 22;13:1622439. doi: 10.3389/fped.2025.1622439. eCollection 2025.
This study intended to explore the levels of 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and analyzed the correlation between 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D levels and ASD core symptoms, children development.
A total of 208 children with ASD who were diagnosed in hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected as the ASD group. 208 children for routine physical examination were selected as the control group. The contents of 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D in serum were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method. The ASD group were assessed by Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Gesell Development Schedule (GDS). Meanwhile, the correlations between the levels of 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D and ABC, CARS, GDS in ASD children were analyzed.
The serum levels of 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D in the blood of the children in the ASD group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( < 0.050). There was no significant correlation between serum 25(OH)D levels and ABC, CARS, in children with ASD ( 0.050). However, there were lower 25(OH)D levels were associated with more severe ASD symptoms ( < 0.050). The higher level of 25(OH)D was significantly correlated with lower adaptive behavior and personal-social of GDS ( < 0.050). The higher level of 25(OH)D was significantly correlated with higher adaptive behavior, fine motor and personal-social of GDS ( < 0.050).
The levels of 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D in ASD children were significantly lower than those in healthy children. Besides, the study identified distinct roles for vitamin D isoforms including 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D in ASD pathophysiology. 25(OH)D showed selective impairments in adaptive behavior and personal-social behavior. 25(OH)D exhibited strong inverse correlations with symptom severity and positive associations with adaptive/fine motor/personal-social.
本研究旨在探讨自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童的25（OH）D和25（OH）D水平，并分析25（OH）D、25（OH）D水平与ASD核心症状、儿童发育之间的相关性。
选取2021年1月至2023年12月在医院确诊的208例ASD儿童作为ASD组。选取208例进行常规体检的儿童作为对照组。采用高效液相色谱串联质谱法（HPLC-MS/MS）检测血清中25（OH）D和25（OH）D的含量。ASD组采用自闭症行为量表（ABC）、儿童自闭症评定量表（CARS）和盖塞尔发育量表（GDS）进行评估。同时，分析ASD儿童25（OH）D、25（OH）D水平与ABC、CARS、GDS之间的相关性。
ASD组儿童血液中25（OH）D和25（OH）D的血清水平显著低于对照组（<0.050）。ASD儿童血清中25（OH）D水平与ABC、CARS之间无显著相关性（>0.050）。然而，25（OH）D水平较低与更严重的ASD症状相关（<0.050）。25（OH）D水平较高与GDS较低的适应性行为和个人社交能力显著相关（<0.050）。25（OH）D水平较高与GDS较高的适应性行为、精细运动和个人社交能力显著相关（<0.050）。
ASD儿童的25（OH）D和25（OH）D水平显著低于健康儿童。此外，该研究确定了维生素D异构体（包括25（OH）D和25（OH）D）在ASD病理生理学中的不同作用。25（OH）D在适应性行为和个人社交行为方面表现出选择性损害。25（OH）D与症状严重程度呈强烈负相关，与适应性/精细运动/个人社交能力呈正相关。
