Peng Xiaowei, Zhang Dunhe, Fu Bofei, Fang Cuilan, Li Aijun, Li Yalan, Kan Jianquan
College of Food Science, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
Jiulongpo Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yunhu Road and Panlong Avenue 56, Chongqing 400039, PR China.
Food Res Int. 2025 Nov;219:117138. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.117138. Epub 2025 Jul 28.
Huajiao seeds represent an underutilized high-quality woody oilseed resource rich in unsaturated fatty acids and diverse nutritional factors. This study investigated the quality characteristics and digestive behavior of two Huajiao seed oils (Zanthoxylum bungeanum seed oil (ZBSO) and Zanthoxylum schinifolium seed oil (ZSSO)). The results demonstrated that both oils were rich in unsaturated fatty acids, with ZBSO containing 76.34 % eighteen‑carbon (C18) unsaturated fatty acids, while ZSSO is characterized by a high content of the relatively rare palmitoleic acid (40.78 %). ZBSO has 26 triacylglycerols (TAGs), including O-L-L, O-L-Ln, and P-O-L, while ZSSO has 22, such as Po-Po-O, Po-Po-Po, and P-Po-Po. The volatile aromatic of ZSSO (770.65 μg/g) is more complex than that of ZBSO (244.25 μg/g). The predominant metallic elements in ZBSO are Ca (38.28 μg/g) and ZSSO are Fe (66.06 μg/g). Both ZBSO and ZSSO demonstrated remarkable antioxidant activities. In vitro digestion experiments showed that the maximum release of free fatty acids of ZBSO (70.75 %) was higher than that of ZSSO (67.99 %), but the release rate was lower than that of ZSSO. The findings provide new insights into the utilization of these two novel woody oils.
花椒籽是一种未得到充分利用的优质木本油料资源，富含不饱和脂肪酸和多种营养成分。本研究调查了两种花椒籽油（花椒籽油（ZBSO）和竹叶花椒籽油（ZSSO））的品质特性和消化行为。结果表明，两种油均富含不饱和脂肪酸，ZBSO含有76.34%的十八碳（C18）不饱和脂肪酸，而ZSSO的特点是相对罕见的棕榈油酸含量较高（40.78%）。ZBSO有26种三酰甘油（TAGs），包括O-L-L、O-L-Ln和P-O-L，而ZSSO有22种，如Po-Po-O、Po-Po-Po和P-Po-Po。ZSSO的挥发性香气成分（770.65μg/g）比ZBSO（244.25μg/g）更复杂。ZBSO中的主要金属元素是Ca（38.28μg/g），ZSSO中的主要金属元素是Fe（66.06μg/g）。ZBSO和ZSSO均表现出显著的抗氧化活性。体外消化实验表明，ZBSO的游离脂肪酸最大释放率（70.75%）高于ZSSO（67.99%），但释放速率低于ZSSO。这些发现为这两种新型木本油的利用提供了新的见解。
