Saint-Louis Fégens, Agier Lydiane, Deville Thibaut, Cherta-Ballester Oscar, Honoré Valentin, Masson Catherine, Monneuse Olivier, Vernet Céline
Unité Mixte de Recherche Epidémiologique et de Surveillance Transports, Travail, Environnement (UMRESTTE), Gustave Eiffel University, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Bron, France; IN&MOTION S.A.S., 10 Rue de la Lyre, 74960 Annecy, France.
Unité Mixte de Recherche Epidémiologique et de Surveillance Transports, Travail, Environnement (UMRESTTE), Gustave Eiffel University, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Bron, France.
J Safety Res. 2025 Sep;94:265-274. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2025.06.024. Epub 2025 Jul 3.
Traffic fatalities within Powered Two-Wheelers (PTW) users are mostly due to head and thoracic injuries. This study assesses airbag use prevalence among PTW users involved in Road Traffic Crashes (RTCs) in France and aims to estimate airbag effectiveness in protecting against fatality risk.
A cross-sectional study was conducted using French national police crash data from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2022, including a total of 69,350 PTW users. Pearson Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare airbag users and non-users. Multiple logistic regression models were fitted to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) assessing the relationship between airbag use, adjustment factors, and crash-related fatality.
Airbag use in our population was 0.83%, with an increasing rate over the study period. Airbag users were older than non-users, used higher engine displacement PTWs, and crashed more often in rural settings and on roads with higher speed limits. The proportion of fatalities was higher among airbag users (4.7%) than among non-users (3.8%). After adjustment, the fatality risk was not statistically different between airbag users and non-users, although a 20 % lower risk was observed for airbag users (OR[95%CI]) = 0.80[0.53-1.21]).
Wearable airbag use was low, though equipped motorcyclists increased over the study period. Airbag users involved in RTCs had different profiles from non-users, which may partly explain their higher fatality rate. While we did not show a significant protective effect of airbag on fatality risk, the limited number of airbag users in our population is an important limitation to consider in the detection of the airbag effect.
Our findings underscore the need for future evaluations to better estimate airbag effectiveness by focusing on torso injury risk and the related fatality risk in larger populations with precise data on injuries, crash circumstances and demographic characteristics.
电动两轮车（PTW）使用者中的交通死亡大多归因于头部和胸部损伤。本研究评估了法国道路交通事故（RTC）中PTW使用者的安全气囊使用普及率，并旨在估计安全气囊在预防死亡风险方面的有效性。
使用2019年1月1日至2022年12月31日法国国家警察事故数据进行了一项横断面研究，共纳入69350名PTW使用者。采用Pearson卡方检验和Mann-Whitney检验比较安全气囊使用者和非使用者。拟合多元逻辑回归模型以估计比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（95%CI），评估安全气囊使用、调整因素与事故相关死亡之间的关系。
我们研究人群中的安全气囊使用率为0.83%，在研究期间呈上升趋势。安全气囊使用者比非使用者年龄更大，使用发动机排量更大的PTW，并且在农村地区和限速更高的道路上发生事故的频率更高。安全气囊使用者中的死亡比例（4.7%）高于非使用者（3.8%）。调整后，安全气囊使用者和非使用者之间的死亡风险在统计学上没有差异，尽管观察到安全气囊使用者的风险降低了20%（OR[95%CI]）=0.80[0.53-1.21]）。
可穿戴安全气囊的使用较少，尽管在研究期间配备安全气囊的摩托车骑行者有所增加。参与RTC的安全气囊使用者与非使用者的特征不同，这可能部分解释了他们较高的死亡率。虽然我们没有显示安全气囊对死亡风险有显著的保护作用，但我们研究人群中安全气囊使用者数量有限是在检测安全气囊效果时需要考虑的一个重要限制。
我们的研究结果强调了未来评估的必要性，即通过关注更大人群中躯干损伤风险以及相关死亡风险，利用关于损伤、事故情况和人口特征的精确数据来更好地估计安全气囊的有效性。
