Deng Xiong, Hu Yu-Hao, Xiong Yong-Jiang, Mao Ning, Hong Bin, He Gang
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China.
World J Psychiatry. 2025 Sep 19;15(9):104813. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i9.104813.
Anxiety complicates recovery in esophagectomy patients undergoing esophagectomy, while preoperative depressive symptoms may further delay surgery-associated malnutrition resolution, highlighting a critical need for psychological intervention.
To explore the correlation of anxiety and depression with mindfulness levels in patients undergoing esophagectomy for esophageal cancer and analyze associated risk factors.
A total of 120 patients with esophageal cancer, all of whom underwent esophagectomy in The Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between September 2022 and September 2024, were enrolled. The hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) was utilized to evaluate the anxiety (HADS-anxiety subscale, HADS-A) and depression (HADS-depression subscale, HADS-D) levels of these patients, and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) was employed to assess their mindfulness levels. The relationships among anxiety, depression, and mindfulness levels were analyzed, and both univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the risk factors for anxiety and depression in these patients.
Data revealed that the mean HADS-A score of patients undergoing esophagectomy was (10.43 ± 4.24) points, and 40.00%, 35.00%, and 10.83% of the patients had mild, moderate, and severe anxiety, respectively. The mean HADS-D score was (9.20 ± 4.66) points, and 37.50%, 23.33%, and 9.17% of the patients had mild, moderate, and severe depression, respectively. Patients with negative or mild anxiety (or depression) exhibited significantly higher MAAS scores than those with moderate or severe anxiety (or depression). The HADS-A and HADS-D scores showed a strong and negative correlation with the MAAS score. Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that sex ( = 0.006), age ( = 0.017), per capita monthly household income ( = 0.005), and educational level ( = 0.004) were all independently associated with the exacerbation of anxiety in patients undergoing esophagectomy. Age ( = 0.026), living status ( = 0.005), per capita monthly household income ( = 0.024), educational level ( = 0.002), and postoperative complications ( < 0.001) were all independently related to the aggravation of depression in such patients.
This study indicated a significant negative correlation among anxiety, depression, and mindfulness levels in patients undergoing esophagectomy. Sex, age, per capita monthly household income, and educational level were risk factors for anxiety in patients undergoing esophagectomy, whereas age, living status, per capita monthly household income, educational level, and postoperative complications were risk factors for depression.
焦虑使接受食管切除术的患者恢复过程复杂化，而术前抑郁症状可能会进一步延迟手术相关营养不良的解决，这凸显了心理干预的迫切需求。
探讨食管癌食管切除术患者焦虑和抑郁与正念水平的相关性，并分析相关危险因素。
纳入2022年9月至2024年9月在重庆医科大学附属永川医院接受食管切除术的120例食管癌患者。采用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）评估患者的焦虑（HADS焦虑子量表，HADS-A）和抑郁（HADS抑郁子量表，HADS-D）水平，采用正念注意觉知量表（MAAS）评估患者的正念水平。分析焦虑、抑郁与正念水平之间的关系，并进行单因素和多因素分析以确定这些患者焦虑和抑郁的危险因素。
数据显示，接受食管切除术患者的HADS-A平均得分为（10.43±4.24）分，分别有40.00%、35.00%和10.83%的患者存在轻度、中度和重度焦虑。HADS-D平均得分为（9.20±4.66）分，分别有37.50%、23.33%和9.17%的患者存在轻度、中度和重度抑郁。阴性或轻度焦虑（或抑郁）患者的MAAS得分显著高于中度或重度焦虑（或抑郁）患者。HADS-A和HADS-D得分与MAAS得分呈强负相关。单因素和多因素分析表明，性别（=0.006）、年龄（=0.017）、家庭月人均收入（=0.005）和教育程度（=0.004）均与接受食管切除术患者焦虑的加重独立相关。年龄（=0.026）、生活状况（=0.005）、家庭月人均收入（=0.024）、教育程度（=0.002）和术后并发症（<0.001）均与此类患者抑郁的加重独立相关。
本研究表明，接受食管切除术患者的焦虑、抑郁与正念水平之间存在显著负相关。性别、年龄、家庭月人均收入和教育程度是接受食管切除术患者焦虑的危险因素，而年龄、生活状况、家庭月人均收入、教育程度和术后并发症是抑郁的危险因素。
