Oliveira Estela C, Correia Inês R, Bernardino Ana V, Hetherington-Rauth Megan, Boavida Sofia, Sardinha Luís B, Magalhães João P
Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal.
California Pacific Medical Center, Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.
J Sports Sci Med. 2025 Sep 1;24(3):645-665. doi: 10.52082/jssm.2025.645. eCollection 2025 Sep.
This systematic review aimed to analyze the impact of aerobic, resistance, combined, and mind-body exercise on the cellular markers of the immune system in cancer patients and survivors. Pubmed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases were searched to identify pertinent randomized controlled trials that looked at the effect of exercise interventions on cellular markers of immune system. Risk of Bias 2 (RoB2) Tool was used to evaluate the methodological quality of each study. Of the 20 investigations included, 8 observed beneficial results on the effect of aerobic, resistance, combined, and mind-body exercise on immune cells in cancer patients and survivors when compared to control groups. Observed changes included increases in natural killer (NK) cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and dendritic cell marker DC11c cytotoxicity, immunoglobulin A, total white blood cells, lymphocytes, NK cell percentages, and NK cell receptor expression (NKG2D and KIR2DL3). Additionally, NK cell infiltration into healthy prostatic tissue and platelet counts were modulated in some studies. Risk of bias was rated as low in 35% of studies, with 45% classified as high risk, mainly due to randomization and intervention deviations. Exercise, particularly aerobic and mind-body modalities, may improve innate and adaptive immune responses in cancer patients and survivors, although effects were not consistent across all interventions or immune outcomes. More high-quality studies involving diverse types, intensities, and durations of physical exercise are needed during different cancer phases and stages of treatment. CRD42022370010.
本系统评价旨在分析有氧运动、抗阻运动、联合运动和身心运动对癌症患者及幸存者免疫系统细胞标志物的影响。检索了PubMed、科学网、考克兰图书馆和Scopus数据库，以确定相关的随机对照试验，这些试验研究了运动干预对免疫系统细胞标志物的影响。使用偏倚风险2（RoB2）工具评估每项研究的方法学质量。在纳入的20项研究中，与对照组相比，8项研究观察到有氧运动、抗阻运动、联合运动和身心运动对癌症患者及幸存者免疫细胞的影响有有益结果。观察到的变化包括自然杀伤（NK）细胞、外周血单核细胞（PBMC）和树突状细胞标志物DC11c细胞毒性增加，免疫球蛋白A、总白细胞、淋巴细胞、NK细胞百分比以及NK细胞受体表达（NKG2D和KIR2DL3）增加。此外，在一些研究中，NK细胞向健康前列腺组织的浸润和血小板计数得到了调节。35%的研究偏倚风险被评为低，45%被归类为高风险，主要是由于随机化和干预偏差。运动，特别是有氧运动和身心运动方式，可能会改善癌症患者及幸存者的先天和适应性免疫反应，尽管在所有干预措施或免疫结果中效果并不一致。在癌症治疗的不同阶段，需要更多涉及不同类型、强度和持续时间体育锻炼的高质量研究。CRD42022370010。
