Al Moaleem Mohammed M, Daghrery Arwa, Mitwalli Heba, Jabarti Eman, Albar Nassreen, Khojah Maysaa, Khayat Waad
Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Tob Induc Dis. 2025 Sep 9;23. doi: 10.18332/tid/208433. eCollection 2025.
The treatment of choice for posterior teeth is full-coverage crowns, but these materials should not be color-affected by external factors such as tobacco use. This laboratory study aimed to evaluate the mean color change (ΔE*) values of lithium aluminum disilicate (LAD) full anatomical ceramic crowns after staining in different adverse materials consumed in different countries worldwide.
Ninety full anatomical crowns in the form of molars were constructed from LAD (Cerec Tessera blocks) with the use of computer-aided design/computerassisted manufacturing system. They were divided equally into nine groups, with 10 crowns for each group. The crowns were immersed for 15 days in different adverse materials (khat, shamma, yerba mate, snuff, soft drinks used daily as a mixture of fruit juice, Coca-Cola, Saudi coffee, and Nescafe). Instructions from the International Commission on Illumination were followed for color parameter measurements. The CIELab color space L* lightness value coordinate, a* red- green coordinate, and b* yellow-blue coordinate, were calculated before and after staining for 2 weeks. ΔE* values were calculated by spectrophotometry. One-way ANOVA followed by tests were used to assess significance differences between groups. The significance level was set at p<0.05.
The ΔE* changed after immersion in all solutions except for the control group. The highest average ΔE* values and standard deviation were observed with yerba mate 6.3 ± 2.0, followed by shammah 4.6 ± 0.9, whereas the lowest ΔE* was recorded for the mixture of fruit juice 3.2 ±1.3. One-way ANOVA test showed a significant difference between the group of yerba mate, with p<0.001. Pearson's correlation coefficient test was used to assess the statistical relationship of ΔE* among groups. A highly positive significant correlation was found between shammah and Nescafe (r=0.798). A medium correlation was found between khat with yerba mate (r=0.520) and snuff and control groups (r=0.474), without significant differences.
The overall recorded ΔE* values for LAD full anatomical ceramic crowns following 2 weeks of staining in different staining media were marginally higher than the clinically acceptable values except for the fruit-juice group.
后牙的首选治疗方法是全冠修复，但这些材料不应受吸烟等外部因素的影响而变色。本实验室研究旨在评估硅酸锂铝（LAD）全解剖陶瓷冠在全球不同国家消费的不同有害物质中染色后的平均颜色变化（ΔE*）值。
使用计算机辅助设计/计算机辅助制造系统，用LAD（Cerec Tessera块）制作了90个磨牙形式的全解剖冠。将它们平均分为9组，每组10个冠。将这些冠浸泡在不同的有害物质中15天（巧茶、沙马、马黛茶、鼻烟、每日作为果汁混合物使用的软饮料、可口可乐、沙特咖啡和雀巢咖啡）。颜色参数测量遵循国际照明委员会的指导。在染色2周前后计算CIELab颜色空间的L明度值坐标、a红绿坐标和b黄蓝坐标。通过分光光度法计算ΔE值。采用单因素方差分析和后续检验来评估组间的显著性差异。显著性水平设定为p<0.05。
除对照组外，所有溶液浸泡后ΔE均发生变化。观察到马黛茶的平均ΔE值和标准差最高，为6.3±2.0，其次是沙马，为4.6±0.9，而果汁混合物的ΔE最低，为3.2±1.3。单因素方差分析显示马黛茶组之间存在显著差异，p<0.001。使用Pearson相关系数检验来评估各组间ΔE的统计关系。发现沙马和雀巢咖啡之间存在高度正相关（r=0.798）。巧茶与马黛茶（r=0.520）以及鼻烟与对照组（r=0.474）之间存在中等相关性，无显著差异。
除果汁组外，LAD全解剖陶瓷冠在不同染色介质中染色2周后的总体记录ΔE*值略高于临床可接受值。
