Miller Sabrina M, Jean Zechariah, Kyko Jennifer A, Obeid Imad, Buggia Michael
Emergency Medicine, Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Warren, USA.
Emergency Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Warren, USA.
Cureus. 2025 Sep 6;17(9):e91751. doi: 10.7759/cureus.91751. eCollection 2025 Sep.
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is associated with low survival and neurologic recovery rates, especially when return of spontaneous circulation exceeds 45 minutes. Additionally, neurologic prognostic indicators, such as absent brainstem reflexes and presence of alpha coma electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns, are typically associated with poor outcomes. This report outlines the case of a 48-year-old woman with a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and tobacco use who suffered an OHCA due to an acute left anterior descending artery occlusion. She experienced a total downtime of 53 minutes and required multiple rounds of defibrillation and advanced cardiac life support. Following successful percutaneous coronary intervention, her initial neurologic examination remained poor with absent brainstem reflexes, nonreactive pupils, and EEG findings consistent with severe encephalopathy. After 22 days in the hospital with minimal neurologic improvement, she was discharged to long-term care with a tracheostomy and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube. Two months after initial discharge, the patient unexpectedly returned to the hospital, demonstrating signs of cognitive recovery. During this second hospital stay, she was alert, followed commands, was able to communicate using a voice modulator, and passed a swallow study. This case illustrates a rare example of survival after prolonged OHCA and subsequent neurologic improvement following an initially guarded prognosis.
院外心脏骤停(OHCA)的生存率和神经功能恢复率较低,尤其是自主循环恢复超过45分钟时。此外,神经预后指标,如脑干反射消失和α昏迷脑电图(EEG)模式的出现,通常与不良预后相关。本报告概述了一名48岁女性的病例,该女性有高血压、血脂异常和吸烟史,因急性左前降支动脉闭塞发生OHCA。她的总停搏时间为53分钟,需要多次除颤和高级心脏生命支持。在成功进行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后,她最初的神经检查结果仍然很差,脑干反射消失,瞳孔无反应,EEG结果与严重脑病一致。在医院治疗22天后,神经功能改善甚微,她带着气管造口术和经皮内镜下胃造口管出院接受长期护理。首次出院两个月后,患者意外返回医院,表现出认知恢复的迹象。在第二次住院期间,她神志清醒,听从指令,能够使用语音调制器进行交流,并通过了吞咽试验。该病例说明了长时间OHCA后存活以及最初预后不佳后神经功能随后改善的罕见例子。