Inoue Akiko, Tanaka Yuriko, Matsui Hidehito, Fukuo Akira, Kondo Motonari, Wada Kota
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical Center, Toho University Omori, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Otolaryngology (Omori), School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan.
Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2025 Sep 10;29(3):1-7. doi: 10.1055/s-0045-1809159. eCollection 2025 Jul.
In patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS), viral infection of the upper respiratory tract tends to exacerbate the symptoms.
To clarify the effect of the cytokines during viral infection in ECRS patients, we investigated the production of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in the sinus mucosa of ECRS patients in the presence of polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid, or poly(I:C), which mimics viral infection, with or without interleukin-4 (IL-4) or IL-13.
The ECRS patients were classified into mild, moderate, and severe groups based on the scoring system of the Japanese Epidemiological Study of Refractory Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis (JESREC). We obtained paranasal sinus mucosa from patients with ECRS through endoscopic sinus surgery, as well as nasal epithelial cells. The cells were stimulated with poly(I:C) in the presence or absence of IL-4 or IL-13. The TSLP concentrations in the culture supernatants were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) after 24 hours of stimulation.
Nasal epithelial cells from patients with ECRS or healthy controls produced TSLP upon stimulation with poly(I:C) alone, and the addition of IL-4 or IL-13 increased TSLP production. Notably, the increase in poly(I:C)-induced TSLP production from nasal epithelial cells in the presence of IL-4 or IL-13 was greater among the severe group compared to the other groups.
In the sinus mucosa of patients with severe ECRS, TSLP production was enhanced more when poly(I:C) stimulation was combined with IL-4 or IL-13 stimulation. Thus, the Th2-skewed condition of the sinus mucosa during viral infection in patients with more severe ECRS may accelerate disease exacerbation.
在嗜酸性粒细胞性慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（ECRS）患者中，上呼吸道病毒感染往往会加重症状。
为了阐明ECRS患者病毒感染期间细胞因子的作用，我们研究了在模拟病毒感染的聚肌苷酸：聚胞苷酸（poly(I:C)）存在或不存在白细胞介素-4（IL-4）或白细胞介素-13的情况下，ECRS患者鼻窦黏膜中胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素（TSLP）的产生情况。
根据日本难治性嗜酸性粒细胞性慢性鼻-鼻窦炎流行病学研究（JESREC）的评分系统，将ECRS患者分为轻度、中度和重度组。我们通过鼻内镜鼻窦手术获取了ECRS患者的鼻窦黏膜以及鼻上皮细胞。细胞在有或没有IL-4或IL-13的情况下用poly(I:C)刺激。刺激24小时后，使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）测量培养上清液中的TSLP浓度。
ECRS患者或健康对照的鼻上皮细胞在单独用poly(I:C)刺激时产生TSLP，添加IL-4或IL-13可增加TSLP的产生。值得注意的是，与其他组相比，重度组在IL-4或IL-13存在的情况下，poly(I:C)诱导的鼻上皮细胞TSLP产生增加更大。
在重度ECRS患者的鼻窦黏膜中，当poly(I:C)刺激与IL-4或IL-13刺激联合时，TSLP产生增加更多。因此，在更严重的ECRS患者病毒感染期间，鼻窦黏膜的Th2偏向状态可能会加速疾病加重。
