The functions and regulation of transcription factor YBX1 in cancers.

YBX1 is a DNA-binding and RNA-binding protein notable for its evolutionarily conserved cold shock domain. It is located in both the cytoplasm and nucleus and participates in various biological processes, including pre-mRNA splicing, transcription, translation, DNA damage repair, and mRNA stability. Moreover, YBX1 exhibits elevated expression levels across multiple malignancies, and its nuclear translocation is associated with poor cancer prognosis and disease progression. Therefore, elucidating the underlying regulatory mechanisms of YBX1 and its oncogenic role in driving cancer progression is of paramount importance. This review summarizes the diverse physiological functions of YBX1, highlighting its roles and how YBX1 function in various malignancies.