Merç Pınar, Pirinççi Cansu Şahbaz, Cihan Emine
Gulhane Faculty of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkiye.
Department of Therapy and Rehabilitation, Vocational School of Health Sciences, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkiye.
Heart Lung. 2025 Sep 10;75:21-25. doi: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2025.09.002.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic and progressive disease that affects patients' quality of life and functional capacity. With its widespread use and ease of access, AI chatbots stand out as an alternative source of patient-centered information and education.
To evaluate the readability and accuracy of information provided by ChatGPT, Gemini, and DeepSeek in COPD.
Ten most frequently asked questions and answers regarding COPD in English were provided using three AI chatbots (ChatGPT-4 Turbo, Gemini 2.0 Flash, DeepSeek R1). Readability was assessed using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), while information quality was analyzed by five physiotherapists based on the guidelines. Responses were graded using a 4-point system from "excellent response requiring no explanation" to "unsatisfactory requiring significant explanation." Statistical analyses were performed on SPSS.
Overall, all three AI chatbots responded to questions with similar quality, with Gemini 2.0 providing a statistically higher quality response to question 4 (p < 0.05). In terms of readability of the answers, DeepSeek was found to have better readability on Q5 (12.01), Q8 (9.24), Q9 (13.1) and Q10 (8.73) compared to ChatGPT (Q5:13.9, Q8:11.92, Q9:17.15, Q10:9.88) and Gemini (Q5:18.22, Q8:15.47, Q9:17.42, Q10:9.38). Gemini was observed to produce more complex and academic level answers on more questions (Q4, Q5, Q8).
ChatGPT, Gemini, and DeepSeek provided evidence-based answers to frequently asked patient questions about COPD. DeepSeek showed better readability performance for many questions. AI chatbots may serve as a valuable clinical tool for COPD patient education and disease management in the future.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是一种慢性进行性疾病，会影响患者的生活质量和功能能力。由于其广泛使用且易于获取，人工智能聊天机器人成为以患者为中心的信息和教育的替代来源。
评估ChatGPT、Gemini和DeepSeek提供的关于COPD信息的可读性和准确性。
使用三个人工智能聊天机器人（ChatGPT-4 Turbo、Gemini 2.0 Flash、DeepSeek R1）提供十个关于COPD的最常见问答（英文）。使用弗莱什-金凯德年级水平（FKGL）评估可读性，同时由五名物理治疗师根据指南分析信息质量。回答使用从“无需解释的优秀回答”到“需要大量解释的不满意回答”的4分制进行评分。在SPSS上进行统计分析。
总体而言，所有三个人工智能聊天机器人对问题的回答质量相似，Gemini 2.0对问题4的回答质量在统计学上更高（p < 0.05）。在答案的可读性方面，与ChatGPT（问题5：13.9，问题8：11.92，问题9：17.15，问题10：9.88）和Gemini（问题5：18.22，问题8：15.47，问题9：17.42，问题10：9.38）相比，DeepSeek在问题5（12.01）、问题8（9.24）、问题9（13.1）和问题10（8.73）上的可读性更好。观察到Gemini在更多问题（问题4、问题5、问题8）上给出更复杂和学术水平的答案。
ChatGPT、Gemini和DeepSeek为患者关于COPD的常见问题提供了基于证据的答案。DeepSeek在许多问题上表现出更好的可读性。未来，人工智能聊天机器人可能成为COPD患者教育和疾病管理的有价值临床工具。
