Iraqui Areeb, Safia Alaa, Mahameed Mohamad, Abd Elhadi Uday, Merchavy Shlomo
Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery Unit, Ziv Medical Center, 1311001 Safed, Israel.
Cancers (Basel). 2025 Aug 31;17(17):2870. doi: 10.3390/cancers17172870.
: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a known etiologic agent in oropharyngeal cancers, but its role in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the global prevalence of HPV in OCSCC and explore variation by clinicodemographic and tumor characteristics. We systematically searched multiple databases for studies reporting HPV prevalence in OCSCC. Pooled prevalence estimates were calculated, and subgroup analyses examined differences by age, gender, cancer stage, anatomical site, histologic subtype, region, and HPV type (HPV-16 and HPV-18). Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed using standard meta-analytic techniques. A total of 122 studies involving 16,311 patients were included. The pooled HPV prevalence in OCSCC was 25.8% (95% CI: 20.4-31.2), with HPV-16 and HPV-18 detected in 52.4% and 30.3% of positive cases, respectively. Prevalence varied geographically, from 73% in Singapore to 7.7% in South Korea. Younger patients (<40 years) had higher HPV positivity (29.7%) than older patients (>70 years, 23.8%). Early-stage cancers (stage I) showed higher HPV prevalence (41.8%) than advanced-stage cancers (stage IV, 10.4%). Verrucous carcinoma had the highest HPV positivity (34.1%), and moderately differentiated tumors the lowest (23.4%). HPV prevalence was highest in the lower alveolus (29.5%) and lips (25%), and lowest in the upper gingiva (3.9%). HPV prevalence in OCSCC demonstrates significant heterogeneity across regions and clinical subgroups. These findings emphasize the need for standardized diagnostic approaches and further research into the role of HPV in OCSCC pathogenesis and treatment.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是口咽癌已知的病原体，但其在口腔鳞状细胞癌（OCSCC）中的作用尚不清楚。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在估计全球OCSCC中HPV的患病率，并探讨其在临床人口统计学和肿瘤特征方面的差异。我们系统检索了多个数据库，以查找报告OCSCC中HPV患病率的研究。计算合并患病率估计值，并进行亚组分析以检查年龄、性别、癌症分期、解剖部位、组织学亚型、地区和HPV类型（HPV-16和HPV-18）的差异。使用标准的荟萃分析技术评估异质性和发表偏倚。共纳入122项研究，涉及16311例患者。OCSCC中HPV的合并患病率为25.8%（95%CI：20.4-31.2），HPV-16和HPV-18分别在52.4%和30.3%的阳性病例中被检测到。患病率因地理位置而异，从新加坡的73%到韩国的7.7%。年轻患者（<40岁）的HPV阳性率（29.7%）高于老年患者（>70岁，23.8%）。早期癌症（I期）的HPV患病率（41.8%）高于晚期癌症（IV期，10.4%）。疣状癌的HPV阳性率最高（34.1%），中度分化肿瘤最低（23.4%）。HPV患病率在下牙槽（29.5%）和唇部（25%）最高，在上牙龈（3.9%）最低。OCSCC中HPV的患病率在不同地区和临床亚组中表现出显著的异质性。这些发现强调了标准化诊断方法的必要性，以及对HPV在OCSCC发病机制和治疗中的作用进行进一步研究的必要性。
