Terazawa Kosuke, Kuroki Masashi, Saijo Ken, Yamada Tatsuhiko, Iinuma Ryota, Kawaura Ryo, Okuda Hiroshi, Mori Kenichi, Shibata Hirofumi, Utakata Ryo, Umeda Miki, Ogawa Takenori
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
Cancers (Basel). 2025 Sep 1;17(17):2872. doi: 10.3390/cancers17172872.
: Sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy, with limited treatment strategies in the recurrent or metastatic cases. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown efficacy in head and neck cancers (HNCs), clinical data specific to SNSCC are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of ICIs in patients with SNSCC. : We conducted a retrospective review of 18 patients with pathologically confirmed SNSCC treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab at Gifu University Hospital between May 2017 and December 2024. Treatment response was assessed using RECIST v1.1 criteria. Overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were evaluated as treatment effects, and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated as prognoses. Subgroup analyses were performed according to treatment regimen. : The ORR and DCR for all patients were 43.8% and 56.3%, respectively. Pembrolizumab-treated patients showed higher response rates (ORR: 66.7%; DCR: 83.3%) compared to those treated with nivolumab (ORR: 30%; DCR: 40%). Median OS and PFS were 21.5 and 7.9 months, respectively. Long-term durable responses exceeding two years were observed in several cases. Although pembrolizumab tended to result in better outcomes, no statistically significant difference was found between groups. Immune-related adverse events were infrequent and manageable. : This study suggests that a subset of patients with SNSCC may benefit from ICI therapy, particularly in combination with chemotherapy. Despite the rarity of SNSCC, accumulating clinical evidence-including prospective studies-is essential to establish standardized treatment strategies for this disease.
鼻窦鳞状细胞癌（SNSCC）是一种罕见且侵袭性强的恶性肿瘤，复发或转移病例的治疗策略有限。尽管免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）在头颈部癌（HNC）中已显示出疗效，但SNSCC的具体临床数据却很稀少。本研究旨在评估ICI对SNSCC患者的治疗效果和预后。
我们对2017年5月至2024年12月期间在岐阜大学医院接受纳武单抗或派姆单抗治疗的18例经病理确诊的SNSCC患者进行了回顾性研究。使用RECIST v1.1标准评估治疗反应。将总缓解率（ORR）和疾病控制率（DCR）评估为治疗效果，将总生存期（OS）和无进展生存期（PFS）评估为预后。根据治疗方案进行亚组分析。
所有患者的ORR和DCR分别为43.8%和56.3%。与接受纳武单抗治疗的患者（ORR：30%；DCR：40%）相比，接受派姆单抗治疗的患者显示出更高的缓解率（ORR：66.7%；DCR：83.3%）。中位OS和PFS分别为21.5个月和7.9个月。在几例患者中观察到超过两年的长期持久缓解。尽管派姆单抗倾向于产生更好的结果，但两组之间未发现统计学上的显著差异。免疫相关不良事件很少见且可控制。
本研究表明，一部分SNSCC患者可能从ICI治疗中获益，特别是与化疗联合使用时。尽管SNSCC罕见，但积累包括前瞻性研究在内的临床证据对于建立该疾病的标准化治疗策略至关重要。
