Jankowski Tomasz, Jankowska Agnieszka, Kazimierczak Wojciech, Janiszewska-Olszowska Joanna
Private Practice Dental Clinic Jankowscy, Czerwonego Krzyża 24, 68-200 Żary, Poland.
Kazimierczak Private Medical Practice, Dworcowa 13/u6a, 85-009 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2025 Aug 25;14(17):6009. doi: 10.3390/jcm14176009.
Soft tissues are essential for maintaining the function and long-term success of dental implants. In many cases, implant placement necessitates soft tissue augmentation procedures such as free gingival grafts (FGGs) or connective tissue grafts (CTGs) to restore lost gingival architecture. Nevertheless, a significant challenge associated with FGG and CTG is postoperative pain, largely due to morbidity at the palatal donor site. To address this issue, various approaches have been proposed to reduce patient discomfort and promote improved wound healing at the donor site. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of four different methods for protecting the palatal donor site following free gingival graft harvesting. : A total of 76 patients undergoing implant therapy with an indication for free gingival grafting were selected and divided into four groups based on the method used to protect the palatal donor site: an absorbable gelatin sponge secured with sutures (GS); an absorbable gelatin sponge with sutures and cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive (GS+CTA); oxidized regenerated cellulose combined with cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive (ORC+CTA); and an absorbable gelatin sponge covered with a flowable resin composite and stabilized with sutures (GS+FRC). The effectiveness of each method was evaluated in terms of postoperative pain, bleeding, and wound healing. : Although the differences in pain intensity among the groups were not statistically significant throughout the observation period ( > 0.05), the GS+FRC group consistently exhibited the lowest mean pain scores. No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups regarding the incidence of secondary bleeding. The highest mean wound healing rate was recorded in the GS+FRC group (75.95 ± 18.75%), whereas the ORC+CTA group demonstrated the lowest rate (43.66 ± 25.74%). : The use of an absorbable gelatin sponge covered with a flowable resin composite and secured with sutures, despite the presented limitations, appears to be a promising approach for palatal wound protection. While this group consistently demonstrated the lowest mean pain scores, differences in pain intensity among the groups were not statistically significant. Nonetheless, it achieved the most favorable outcomes in terms of wound epithelialization.
软组织对于维持牙种植体的功能和长期成功至关重要。在许多情况下，种植体植入需要进行软组织增量手术，如游离龈瓣移植术（FGG）或结缔组织移植术（CTG），以恢复丧失的牙龈结构。然而，与FGG和CTG相关的一个重大挑战是术后疼痛，这主要是由于腭部供区的病变。为了解决这个问题，人们提出了各种方法来减轻患者的不适，并促进供区伤口的更好愈合。本研究旨在比较游离龈瓣采集后保护腭部供区的四种不同方法的有效性。：总共选择了76例有游离龈瓣移植指征的接受种植治疗的患者，并根据保护腭部供区的方法分为四组：用缝线固定的可吸收明胶海绵（GS）；用缝线和氰基丙烯酸酯组织粘合剂的可吸收明胶海绵（GS+CTA）；氧化再生纤维素与氰基丙烯酸酯组织粘合剂联合使用（ORC+CTA）；以及覆盖有可流动树脂复合材料并用缝线固定的可吸收明胶海绵（GS+FRC）。每种方法的有效性通过术后疼痛、出血和伤口愈合情况进行评估。：尽管在整个观察期内各组之间的疼痛强度差异无统计学意义（>0.05），但GS+FRC组始终表现出最低的平均疼痛评分。各组之间在继发性出血发生率方面未观察到统计学上的显著差异。GS+FRC组记录的平均伤口愈合率最高（75.95±18.75%），而ORC+CTA组显示的愈合率最低（43.66±25.74%）。：使用覆盖有可流动树脂复合材料并用缝线固定的可吸收明胶海绵，尽管存在局限性，但似乎是一种有前景的腭部伤口保护方法。虽然该组始终表现出最低的平均疼痛评分，但各组之间的疼痛强度差异无统计学意义。尽管如此，它在伤口上皮化方面取得了最有利的结果。
