Furman Joanna, Łabuz-Roszak Beata, Niewiadomska Ewa
Department of Environmental Health Risk Factors, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
Department of Neurology, St. Jadwiga Regional Specialized Hospital, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, 45-221 Opole, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2025 Sep 5;14(17):6279. doi: 10.3390/jcm14176279.
The postpartum period may predispose to a higher prevalence of mental health disorders. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, and quality of life in breastfeeding women in the maternity ward in relation to specific medical and social factors. The study group consisted of 304 female patients from the maternity ward of the Multispecialist District Hospital in Tarnowskie Góry, Poland. The research tool included four questionnaires: Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Euro-Quality of Life Questionnaire. The majority of women in the maternity ward reported good psychological well-being. Anxiety symptoms affected 11.9% of postpartum women, depressive symptoms-7.3%, and symptoms of postpartum depression-5.9%. The COVID-19 pandemic caused an increase in anxiety and depressive disorders (relative differences-expressed as a percentage). Women who gave birth by cesarean section were more likely to declare problems that negatively impacted their quality of life and health than those who gave birth naturally (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 0.77-2.11). The risk of experiencing anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as postpartum depression symptoms decreased as self-rated health increased (OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.94-0.99; OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.94-0.99; OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93-0.98, respectively). Higher level of life satisfaction was associated with higher levels of education and economic status, attendance at childbirth classes, and a higher self-assessment of health (OR = 4.1, 95% CI: 1.6-10.51; OR = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.41-6.24; OR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.13-3.49; OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.01-1.04, respectively). Screening for mental disorders during the postpartum period enables the early identification of symptoms and the implementation of appropriate treatment. Women who give birth by cesarean section and have medical complaints should be given special follow-up care. Health policy should ensure wider access to psychological and psychiatric care during the postpartum period.
产后时期可能使心理健康障碍的患病率更高。本研究的目的是评估产科病房中母乳喂养女性焦虑和抑郁症状的患病率、生活满意度及生活质量，并探讨相关的特定医学和社会因素。研究组由来自波兰塔诺夫斯基戈里多专科医院产科病房的304名女性患者组成。研究工具包括四份问卷：医院焦虑抑郁量表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表、生活满意度量表和欧洲生活质量问卷。产科病房中的大多数女性报告心理健康状况良好。焦虑症状影响了11.9%的产后女性，抑郁症状影响了7.3%，产后抑郁症状影响了5.9%。新冠疫情导致焦虑和抑郁障碍增加（以百分比表示相对差异）。剖宫产分娩的女性比自然分娩的女性更有可能表示存在对其生活质量和健康产生负面影响的问题（比值比=1.28，95%置信区间：0.77-2.11）。随着自评健康状况的提高，出现焦虑和抑郁症状以及产后抑郁症状的风险降低（比值比分别为0.96，95%置信区间：0.94-0.99；0.96，95%置信区间：0.94-0.99；0.96，95%置信区间：0.93-0.98）。更高的生活满意度与更高的教育水平、经济状况、参加分娩课程以及更高的健康自评相关（比值比分别为4.1，95%置信区间：1.6-10.51；2.96，95%置信区间：1.41-6.24；1.99，95%置信区间：1.13-3.49；1.01，95%置信区间：1.01-1.04）。产后时期对精神障碍进行筛查有助于早期识别症状并实施适当治疗。剖宫产分娩且有医疗问题的女性应接受特殊的随访护理。卫生政策应确保在产后时期能更广泛地获得心理和精神护理。
