The Total Artificial Heart: A Historical Perspective.

Scientists, physicians, and engineers have long endeavored to develop a device capable of replacing the function of the heart. The objective is to create a machine or pump for patients suffering from advanced biventricular heart failure, where survival until transplantation is feasible. These total artificial hearts are designed to sustain the patient until a donor heart becomes available. This review aims to present an overview and historical context of the development of the total artificial heart, analyze the currently utilized devices, and briefly discuss future technological innovations in total artificial heart systems.