Zheng Linxin, Fu Yi, Wu Jiawang, Liu Ting, Zhang Xinting, Qu Chongchang, Zeng Bingqian, Zhang Ningyuan, Xu Shuanglan, Yang Jiao, Xing Xiqian
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research of the Department of Education of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650021, Yunnan, P. R. China.
Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, (Kunming Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Kunming 650500, Yunnan, P. R. China.
Am J Chin Med. 2025;53(7):2043-2070. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X25500764. Epub 2025 Sep 15.
The gut microbiota serves as a crucial modulator of host immunity and plays a pivotal role in regulating airway inflammation, maintaining immune balance, and affecting the course of associated diseases through gut-lung axis interactions. Recent studies increasingly demonstrate that patients with chronic inflammatory airway diseases (CIAD) commonly exhibit gut dysbiosis. This imbalance in gut microbiota can promote pulmonary inflammation and airway remodeling by affecting the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), impairing intestinal mucosal barrier integrity, and disrupting immune regulation. With increasing attention to the gut-lung axis, microbiota-targeted therapeutic strategies have attracted growing attention. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), characterized by its multi-component composition, multi-target approach, and holistic regulatory properties, holds unique advantages in restoring gut microbial balance for the treatment of CIAD. This paper systematically reviews the therapeutic potential of TCMs and their bioactive constituents in managing CIAD through gut microbiota modulation. By regulating gut microbial composition and stimulating the generation of SCFAs, TCMs exert anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and gut barrier-protective effects. TCMs thus offer novel perspectives and promising therapeutic strategies for CIAD treatment.
肠道微生物群是宿主免疫的关键调节因子，通过肠-肺轴相互作用在调节气道炎症、维持免疫平衡以及影响相关疾病进程中发挥关键作用。最近的研究越来越多地表明，慢性炎症性气道疾病（CIAD）患者通常存在肠道微生物群失调。肠道微生物群的这种失衡可通过影响短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的合成、损害肠道黏膜屏障完整性和破坏免疫调节来促进肺部炎症和气道重塑。随着对肠-肺轴的关注度不断提高，针对微生物群的治疗策略越来越受到关注。中药具有多成分组成、多靶点作用和整体调节特性，在恢复肠道微生物平衡以治疗CIAD方面具有独特优势。本文系统综述了中药及其生物活性成分通过调节肠道微生物群治疗CIAD的潜在作用。通过调节肠道微生物组成和刺激SCFA的产生，中药发挥抗炎、免疫调节和肠道屏障保护作用。因此，中药为CIAD治疗提供了新的视角和有前景的治疗策略。
