Yates Brandon A, Orkaby Ariela R, Vingren Jakob L, Armstrong Lawrence E
Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Harvard Medical School Cambridge Massachusetts USA.
Discovery Center for Musculoskeletal Recovery Schoen Adams Research Institute at Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA.
Alzheimers Dement (N Y). 2025 Sep 11;11(3):e70141. doi: 10.1002/trc2.70141. eCollection 2025 Jul-Sep.
The World Health Organization supports intrinsic capacity (IC) as a framework for assessing and monitoring an older person's cognitive health. Low IC is associated with higher dementia risk. Regular exercise participation improves cognitive health, reduces dementia risk, and may increase IC. However, the long-term chronic brain benefits of regular exercise training are dependent upon the effectiveness of single exercise bouts to augment cognition. Yet, how IC influences the magnitude of improvement following a single exercise bout has not been elucidated.
A convenience sampling of 40 physically active adults (55 ± 6 years; mean ± SD) with a body mass index ≥ 24.9 kg/m (range: 24.9 to 36.3) were included in this study. IC domains were operationally defined as follows: (Mini Cog and Trail Making Test Parts A and B [TMT A+B] performance), (body composition and exercise performance), and (habitual gait speed). Participants were stratified by into a slow group (≤1.0 m/s; LOW-IC) and a normal group (>1.0 m/s; NORM-IC). Immediately prior to and following the exercise session (161-km cycling event) participants completed the executive function task (TMT A+B). An analysis of covariance, controlling for baseline TMT A+B performance, was used to detect a significant improvement in TMT A+B ( < 0.05).
Participants had similar and , but groups significantly differed by . A significant interaction ( = 0.004) was revealed where improvement for NORM-IC (-13 s [-18 to -8]; < 0.001; partial = 0.47; adjusted mean [95% confidence interval]) was greater than for LOW-IC (-3 s [-9 to 2]; = 0.25; partial = 0.04) following the exercise session.
Low IC is associated with a blunted acute exercise-induced cognitive enhancement in mid to late adulthood. Future research is justified to determine the physiological mechanisms underpinning this novel finding.
Adults with overweight/obesity show cognitive gains after endurance exercise.Poor locomotor function limits cognitive gains from exercise in overweight adults.IC better predicts exercise-related cognitive gains than cognition.
世界卫生组织支持将内在能力（IC）作为评估和监测老年人认知健康的框架。低内在能力与较高的痴呆风险相关。经常参加锻炼可改善认知健康、降低痴呆风险，并可能提高内在能力。然而，定期运动训练对大脑的长期慢性益处取决于单次运动对增强认知的有效性。然而，内在能力如何影响单次运动后的改善程度尚未阐明。
本研究纳入了40名身体活跃的成年人（55±6岁；均值±标准差），他们的体重指数≥24.9 kg/m²（范围：24.9至36.3），采用便利抽样法。内在能力领域的操作定义如下：（简易认知测试和连线测验A和B部分 [TMT A+B] 表现）、（身体成分和运动表现）以及（习惯性步速）。参与者按分为慢速组（≤1.0 m/s；低内在能力组）和正常组（>1.0 m/s；正常内在能力组）。在运动 session（161公里自行车赛事）之前和之后，参与者立即完成执行功能任务（TMT A+B）。采用协方差分析，控制基线TMT A+B表现，以检测TMT A+B的显著改善（<0.05）。
参与者在和方面相似，但两组在方面存在显著差异。揭示了一个显著的交互作用（=0.004），即运动 session 后，正常内在能力组的改善（-13秒 [-18至-8]；<0.001；偏 eta 平方=0.47；调整均值 [95%置信区间]）大于低内在能力组（-3秒 [-9至2]；=0.25；偏 eta 平方=0.04）。
低内在能力与成年中后期急性运动诱发的认知增强减弱有关。未来有必要进行研究以确定这一新颖发现背后的生理机制。
超重/肥胖成年人在耐力运动后显示出认知提升。运动功能差限制了超重成年人运动带来的认知提升。内在能力比认知更好地预测与运动相关的认知提升。
