Lu Haohao, Zhang Min, Yang Danjiao, Gao Xue, Feng Shuo, Pei Yiwen, Zhang Zhidong, Zhou Long
Key Laboratory of Veterinary Medicine in Universities of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.
Institute of Animal Science of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province, Kangding, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2025 Sep 3;12:1654388. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1654388. eCollection 2025.
Porcine diarrheal disease is a major cause of morbidity in Tibetan piglets, however, the causative agents of this disease are rarely reported. Here, the viral diversity associated with porcine diarrheal disease was investigated by analyzing the viral communities from Tibetan pigs on the Tibetan plateau of southwest China. The results revealed that 13 mammalian viruses were identified in a pooled sample. Interestingly, it is the first time that dicistrovirus (DCV) was discovered in pigs and St-Valerien-like virus (StVV) was identified in China. Furthermore, the complete genome sequence of the two strains (DCV/porcine/CHN/SCdc-2024 and StVV/porcine/CHN/SCdc-202402) were obtained. Sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis showed that the swine-origin DCV/porcine/CHN/SCdc-2024 strain was classified into the family with an unassigned genus, and showed distant relationship with other dicistrovirus strains in established genera, may represent members of a potential new genera within the family. Additionally, the novel StVV strain StVV/porcine/CHN/SCdc-202402 was classified into the , whereas showed a unique phylogenetic branch compared with other swine-origin StVV strains. Notably, further case-control investigation in the 87 fecal samples using specific RT-PCR found a high DCV-positive detection rate (77.8%) in diarrheic samples with a significant value (< 0.0001), suggesting the DCV might associated with diarrhea in pigs. Our study reports for the first time the emergence of DCV in pigs and StVV in China, highlighting the need for further research on pathogenicity and transmission in swine hosts.
猪腹泻病是藏猪仔猪发病的主要原因，然而，该病的病原体鲜有报道。在此，通过分析中国西南部青藏高原藏猪的病毒群落，对与猪腹泻病相关的病毒多样性进行了调查。结果显示，在一个混合样本中鉴定出13种哺乳动物病毒。有趣的是，首次在猪中发现了双顺反子病毒（DCV），在中国鉴定出了圣瓦莱里安样病毒（StVV）。此外，还获得了这两个毒株（DCV/猪/中国/四川dc - 2024和StVV/猪/中国/四川dc - 202402）的完整基因组序列。序列比较和系统发育分析表明，猪源DCV/猪/中国/四川dc - 2024毒株被归类到一个未分类属的科中，与已确定属中的其他双顺反子病毒毒株关系较远，可能代表该科内一个潜在新属的成员。此外，新型StVV毒株StVV/猪/中国/四川dc - 202402被归类到 ，但与其他猪源StVV毒株相比显示出独特的系统发育分支。值得注意的是，使用特异性逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）对87份粪便样本进行进一步病例对照研究发现，腹泻样本中DCV阳性检出率较高（77.8%），P值显著（< 0.0001），表明DCV可能与猪腹泻有关。我们的研究首次报道了猪中DCV和中国StVV的出现，强调了对其在猪宿主中的致病性和传播进行进一步研究的必要性。
