Wang Yayun, Zhu Wenhui, Wang Wenfan, Zhang Jiayi, Hu Dongsen, Shao Huanmeng, Zhou Yingtong, Wang Shan, Zhao Linhua
The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2025 Sep 3;16:1643008. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1643008. eCollection 2025.
Protein palmitoylation represents a prevalent form post-translational lipid modification across various organisms. This reversible and dynamic cellular process is significant in regulating the transcription and expression of downstream target genes, as well as in facilitating signal transduction. Consequently, it affects various cellular activities, including innate immunity, inflammation, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and functions of the brain and heart. Vascular injury emerges as a critical target organ affected by complications associated with metabolic diseases, and the palmitoylation modifications are implicated in numerous pathological processes. This review offers an overview of current understanding on protein palmitoylation and palmitic acid, emphasizing the influence of the palmitoylation modification on cellular signal transduction in metabolic diseases and exploring its connection with metabolism-related conditions such as diabetic cardiopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and fatty liver diseases. Palmitoleic acid modification holds great promise for tackling challenges related to drug specificity, off-target effects, and delivery mechanisms in the exploration of targeted palmitoleic acid modification therapy . Moreover, methodological challenges in the joint analysis and mining of large databases, including gene databases, as well as the objective evaluation of studies on the bidirectional regulation of diseases, necessitate further investigation. These insights may provide novel insights for the development of clinical therapeutic strategies.
蛋白质棕榈酰化是各种生物体中普遍存在的一种翻译后脂质修饰形式。这种可逆且动态的细胞过程在调节下游靶基因的转录和表达以及促进信号转导方面具有重要意义。因此，它会影响各种细胞活动，包括先天免疫、炎症、葡萄糖代谢、脂质代谢以及大脑和心脏的功能。血管损伤是受代谢疾病相关并发症影响的关键靶器官，棕榈酰化修饰涉及众多病理过程。本综述概述了目前对蛋白质棕榈酰化和棕榈酸的认识，强调了棕榈酰化修饰对代谢疾病中细胞信号转导的影响，并探讨了其与糖尿病性心肌病、糖尿病肾病和脂肪肝疾病等代谢相关病症的联系。在探索靶向棕榈油酸修饰疗法时，棕榈油酸修饰在应对与药物特异性、脱靶效应和递送机制相关的挑战方面具有巨大潜力。此外，在包括基因数据库在内的大型数据库的联合分析和挖掘以及对疾病双向调节研究的客观评估方面存在方法学挑战，需要进一步研究。这些见解可能为临床治疗策略的开发提供新的思路。
