太极拳和八段锦对肌少症患者肌肉质量、肌肉功能及日常生活活动能力的影响：一项系统评价与荟萃分析
Effects of Tai Chi and Baduanjin on muscle mass, muscle function, and activities of daily living in individuals with sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者信息
Yang Sen, Chen Shuwei, Zhang Yong, Zhou Zhixiong, Li Donghai, Zeng Ping
机构信息
Institute for Sport Performance and Health Promotion, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China.
State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2025 Sep 3;13:1636857. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1636857. eCollection 2025.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to systematically evaluate the effects of Tai Chi and Baduanjin on muscle mass, muscle function, and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with sarcopenia.
METHODS
We conducted a comprehensive literature search across both English and Chinese databases, including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effects of Tai Chi and Baduanjin on patients with sarcopenia. The search covered all studies from the inception of the databases through March 28, 2025. We performed a meta-analysis using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 15.1 software.
RESULTS
A total of 11 RCTs involving 738 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The overall risk of bias was assessed as low, with the methodological quality of the studies ranging from moderate to low-moderate. Compared to controls, both Tai Chi and Baduanjin demonstrated positive improvements in grip strength (SMD = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.42 to 1.52, Z = 3.45, = 0.001), gait speed (WMD = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.19, Z = 2.47, = 0.013), and muscle strength (WMD = 1.75, 95% CI: 0.59 to 2.91, Z = 2.95, = 0.003). However, changes in skeletal muscle mass index (WMD = 0.55, 95% CI: -0.54 to 1.65, = 0.99, = 0.323) and ADL (WMD = 11.04, 95% CI: -2.08 to 24.16, = 1.65, = 0.099) were not accompanied by significant changes. The funnel plots appeared largely symmetrical, indicating minimal concern for publication bias across the primary outcomes. Furthermore, Egger's tests for grip strength ( = 0.41, = 0.695), gait speed ( = 1.37, = 0.265), and skeletal muscle mass index ( = 3.16, = 0.087) showed no significant publication bias.
CONCLUSION
Both Tai Chi and Baduanjin significantly improve muscle strength and function in patients with sarcopenia. However, the improvements observed in ADL did not reach statistical significance.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251032762, Identifier CRD420251032762.
目的
本研究旨在系统评价太极拳和八段锦对肌少症患者肌肉量、肌肉功能及日常生活活动能力（ADL）的影响。
方法
我们对英文和中文数据库进行了全面的文献检索，包括考克兰图书馆、PubMed、Embase、中国知网、万方和维普，以查找检验太极拳和八段锦对肌少症患者影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。检索涵盖了从数据库建立至2025年3月28日的所有研究。我们使用RevMan 5.3和Stata 15.1软件进行了荟萃分析。
结果
荟萃分析共纳入11项RCT，涉及738名参与者。总体偏倚风险评估为低，研究的方法学质量从中等到低中等。与对照组相比，太极拳和八段锦在握力（标准化均数差[SMD] = 0.97，95%置信区间[CI]：0.42至1.52，Z = 3.45，P = 0.001）、步速（加权均数差[WMD] = 0.10，95%CI：0.02至0.19，Z = 2.47，P = 0.013）和肌肉力量（WMD = 1.75，95%CI：0.59至2.91，Z = 2.95，P = 0.003）方面均显示出积极改善。然而，骨骼肌质量指数（WMD = 0.55，95%CI： -0.54至1.65，P = 0.99，I² = 0.323）和ADL（WMD = 11.04，95%CI： -2.08至24.16，P = 1.65，I² = 0.099）的变化未伴随显著改变。漏斗图在很大程度上呈现对称，表明对主要结局的发表偏倚担忧极小。此外，握力（P = 0.41，I² = 0.695）、步速（P = 1.37，I² = 0.265）和骨骼肌质量指数（P = 3.16，I² = 0.087）的Egger检验均未显示出显著的发表偏倚。
结论
太极拳和八段锦均能显著改善肌少症患者的肌肉力量和功能。然而，观察到的ADL改善未达到统计学显著性。
系统评价注册
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251032762，标识符CRD420251032762 。
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