改善脊柱健康的最佳运动模式与剂量研究的荟萃分析。

Meta-analysis of the best exercise mode and dose study for improving spinal health.

作者信息

Li Ziyang, Bao Zihan, Wang Shun, Zhao Mengqi

机构信息

College of Physical Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, China.

出版信息

Front Sports Act Living. 2025 Sep 3;7:1614906. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2025.1614906. eCollection 2025.

OBJECTIVE

To explore the influence of different exercise methods on spinal health through Meta-analysis, and then provide scientific exercise suggestions for different groups of people.

METHODS

Randomized controlled experimental studies (RCTs) of different exercise modes on spinal health in CNKI, Wanfang, Web of Science, PubMed, and Ebsco databases were searched. The search dates were limited to self-built databases until February 2025. After screening, 30 articles and 2,105 subjects were included and analyzed using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 18 software.

RESULTS

Exercise therapy was significantly superior to the control group in relieving pain (SMD = -0.87, 95% CI: -1.11, -0.63), improving cervical spine dysfunction (SMD = -0.90, 95% CI: -1.47, -0.34), improving lumbar spine dysfunction (SMD = -0.59, 95% CI: -0.77, -0.41) and correcting scoliosis (SMD = -0.82, 95% CI: -1.30, -0.34). Through subgroup analysis of heterogeneous sources from seven aspects: disease type, intervention site, intervention mode, intervention time, intervention frequency, intervention period and age,the results show that exercise intervention can effectively improve the pain level and dysfunction in patients with spinal diseases, and help to promote the recovery of Cobb's angle in patients. Subgroup analysis showed that each intervention of 10-30 min, 3-4 times a week and continuous exercise for 10-20 weeks was an ideal exercise plan.

CONCLUSION

Exercise intervention can significantly improve the health of spinal patients, and the 18-style of Zong Jianji has strong universality and is suitable for the intervention of various spinal diseases. The ideal exercise program is 10-30 min each intervention, 3-4 times a week, and continuous exercise for 10-20 weeks. Baduanjin has better curative effect on patients with low back pain and scoliosis. Each intervention lasts for 30-50 min, exercises 3 times a week or 1-2 times a day, and continuous exercise for 5-6 weeks or 10 weeks is the most practical. In the future, more high-quality, multi-disease clinical studies and evidence should be collected to verify this conclusion.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier [CRD420251008053].

目的

通过Meta分析探讨不同运动方法对脊柱健康的影响，进而为不同人群提供科学的运动建议。

方法

检索中国知网、万方、Web of Science、PubMed和Ebsco数据库中关于不同运动方式对脊柱健康影响的随机对照实验研究（RCTs）。检索日期限制为自建数据库至2025年2月。筛选后，纳入30篇文章和2105名受试者，使用Review Manager 5.4和Stata 18软件进行分析。

结果

运动疗法在缓解疼痛（标准化均数差[SMD]= -0.87，95%可信区间[CI]：-1.11，-0.63）、改善颈椎功能障碍（SMD= -0.90，95%CI：-1.47，-0.34）、改善腰椎功能障碍（SMD= -0.59，95%CI：-0.77，-0.41）和矫正脊柱侧弯（SMD= -0.82，95%CI：-1.30，-0.34）方面显著优于对照组。通过从疾病类型、干预部位、干预方式、干预时间、干预频率、干预期和年龄七个方面对异质性来源进行亚组分析，结果表明运动干预可有效改善脊柱疾病患者的疼痛水平和功能障碍，并有助于促进患者Cobb角的恢复。亚组分析显示，每次干预10 - 30分钟、每周3 - 4次且持续运动10 - 20周是理想的运动方案。

结论

运动干预可显著改善脊柱疾病患者的健康状况，宗建基18式具有较强的通用性，适用于各种脊柱疾病的干预。理想的运动方案是每次干预10 - 30分钟，每周3 - 4次，持续运动10 - 20周。八段锦对腰痛和脊柱侧弯患者有较好的疗效。每次干预持续30 - 50分钟，每周运动3次或每天运动1 - 2次，持续运动5 - 6周或10周是最实用的。未来应收集更多高质量、多病种的临床研究和证据来验证这一结论。