Osugi Tomohiro, Shiraishi Akira, Sasakura Yasunori, Sugahara Kohtaro, Yamagaki Tohru, Yamamoto Tatsuya, Satake Honoo
Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan.
Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, Shizuoka 415-0025, Japan.
iScience. 2025 Aug 21;28(9):113413. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113413. eCollection 2025 Sep 19.
Neuroanatomical information on neuropeptidergic neurons provides crucial clues to understanding the functions of neuropeptides and the cerebral structure-function relationships. In this study, we constructed comprehensive two- and three-dimensional atlases of 23 neuropeptides in the central nervous system (CNS) of an invertebrate chordate, , at the single-cell level using a mass spectrometry imaging workflow. The neuropeptidomic atlases revealed that the cerebral ganglion is divided into three functional areas, dorso-rostral, dorso-caudal, and ventral areas. Particularly, the distribution of tachykinin, cholecystokinin, and neurotensin-like-peptide demonstrated the basal cerebral structure-function relationships in reproductive regulation in . The atlases also demonstrated the unexpected colocalization of multiple neuropeptides and the differential localization of gene-related peptides yielded from a single precursor, which cannot be unraveled by any transcriptomic analyses. Collectively, the present study provides a foundation for investigating various neuropeptidergic functions of the invertebrate chordate CNS and the evolution of chordate neuropeptidergic systems.
关于神经肽能神经元的神经解剖学信息为理解神经肽的功能以及脑结构与功能的关系提供了关键线索。在本研究中，我们使用质谱成像工作流程，在单细胞水平构建了无脊椎动物脊索动物中枢神经系统（CNS）中23种神经肽的全面二维和三维图谱。神经肽组图谱显示，脑神经节分为三个功能区域，即背侧- Rostral、背侧-尾侧和腹侧区域。特别是，速激肽、胆囊收缩素和神经降压素样肽的分布展示了该无脊椎动物脊索动物在生殖调节中的基础脑结构-功能关系。这些图谱还展示了多种神经肽的意外共定位以及由单个前体产生的基因相关肽的差异定位，这是任何转录组分析都无法揭示的。总体而言，本研究为研究无脊椎动物脊索动物中枢神经系统的各种神经肽能功能以及脊索动物神经肽能系统的进化提供了基础。
