Cui Xinge, Chai Luwei, Zhang Yongkang, Pan Yangwei, Liu Hongbing, Lei Xianlu, Le Tao
College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
Virulence. 2025 Dec;16(1):2562634. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2562634. Epub 2025 Sep 19.
The escalating misuse of antibiotics has precipitated a dramatic rise in bacterial drug resistance, rendering conventional therapies increasingly ineffective. In this post-antibiotic era, phage lysins have emerged as a novel class of antimicrobial agents, attracting significant attention for their precise targeting of drug-resistant pathogens. Despite promising preclinical results - highlighting their rapid bactericidal efficacy and synergistic potential with other antimicrobials - the clinical translation of lysins remains limited by unresolved challenges related to efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetics, and dosing optimization. This review provides a comprehensive overview of lysin research advancements, discusses diverse application strategies, and critically evaluates therapeutic outcomes from animal models and early clinical trials. Additionally, it addresses the key obstacles impeding lysin development and proposes practical solutions and future research directions to unlock the full clinical potential of this innovative antimicrobial strategy.
抗生素滥用的不断升级已导致细菌耐药性急剧上升，使传统疗法越来越无效。在这个后抗生素时代，噬菌体溶素已成为一类新型抗菌剂，因其对耐药病原体的精准靶向作用而备受关注。尽管临床前结果令人鼓舞——突出了它们快速的杀菌效果以及与其他抗菌药物的协同潜力——但溶素的临床转化仍受到与疗效、安全性、药代动力学和剂量优化相关的未解决挑战的限制。本综述全面概述了溶素研究进展，讨论了不同的应用策略，并批判性地评估了动物模型和早期临床试验的治疗结果。此外，它还解决了阻碍溶素开发的关键障碍，并提出了切实可行的解决方案和未来研究方向，以释放这种创新抗菌策略的全部临床潜力。
