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Cell Rep Med. 2025 Oct 21;6(10):102348. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2025.102348. Epub 2025 Sep 18.
Headache disorders, especially migraines and tension-type headaches (TTHs), are major global public health concerns, as shown by the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021. We provide updated global estimates of prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) from 1990 to 2021 across 204 countries and territories and forecasts through 2050. In 2021, there are 2.0 billion people with TTH and 1.2 billion with migraine. Although TTH is more prevalent, migraine causes higher disability. While crude prevalence and YLDs increased, age-standardized rates remained stable and are projected to continue this trend due to population growth. There is a disproportionately higher burden in women aged 30-44 and countries with higher Socio-demographic Index and Healthcare Access and Quality Index. Despite this, migraines remain underrecognized in health policies and funding. This study emphasizes the urgent need to prioritize headache disorders in global health agendas.
《2021年全球疾病、伤害及风险因素负担研究》（GBD 2021）表明，头痛疾病，尤其是偏头痛和紧张型头痛（TTH），是全球主要的公共卫生问题。我们提供了1990年至2021年期间204个国家和地区头痛疾病患病率和伤残调整生命年（YLD）的最新全球估计数据，并对2050年进行了预测。2021年，全球有20亿人患有紧张型头痛，12亿人患有偏头痛。虽然紧张型头痛更为普遍，但偏头痛导致的残疾程度更高。尽管粗患病率和伤残调整生命年有所上升，但由于人口增长，年龄标准化率保持稳定，并预计将延续这一趋势。在30至44岁的女性以及社会人口指数和医疗保健可及性与质量指数较高的国家，负担尤为沉重。尽管如此，偏头痛在卫生政策和资金投入方面仍未得到充分重视。本研究强调了在全球卫生议程中优先关注头痛疾病的迫切需求。
