Tang Yanbin, Jiang Zhibing, Liao Yibo, Shou Lu, Zeng Jiangning, Zhang Rongliang, Li Chenghua
School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China.
PeerJ. 2025 Sep 18;13:e20072. doi: 10.7717/peerj.20072. eCollection 2025.
Harmful algal blooms represent a significant environmental challenge in various marine ecosystems worldwide. While marine filter-feeder bivalves can consume toxic phytoplankton, their capacity to mitigate the presence of harmful microalgae is not yet fully understood. In this study, we examined the filtration rates and enzymatic activities of , a commercially valuable bivalve, when exposed to varying levels of toxic dinoflagellates () and non-toxic diatoms () over a 12-h period. Chlorophyll concentration was used to reflect the presence of these microalgae. In the initial 2 h, the filtration rate under toxic conditions was lower than under non-toxic conditions. However, after the first 2 h, the filtration rate under toxic conditions did not decline as rapidly as it did under non-toxic conditions, suggesting that could adapt to the presence of toxic microalgae over time. Regarding enzymatic activities, digestive enzymes were not significantly affected by low concentrations of toxic microalgae, but lipase activity was inhibited at higher concentrations. Antioxidant enzyme activity showed no significant changes across all non-toxic microalgal concentrations. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased at higher toxic microalgal concentrations, but both low SOD and catalase activities indicated that the bivalve's antioxidant defenses for detoxification may be limited. These results suggest that can tolerate toxic microalgae through adaptive feeding behaviors and changes in digestive and antioxidant enzymatic activities. This study revealed has a high filtration rate and is sensitive to high concentrations of toxic microalgae. Therefore, its bioremediation function requires further study.
有害藻华是全球各种海洋生态系统面临的重大环境挑战。虽然海洋滤食性双壳贝类可以摄食有毒浮游植物，但其减轻有害微藻存在的能力尚未完全了解。在本研究中，我们检测了一种具有商业价值的双壳贝类在12小时内暴露于不同浓度的有毒甲藻（）和无毒硅藻（）时的滤食率和酶活性。叶绿素浓度用于反映这些微藻的存在情况。在最初的2小时内，有毒条件下的滤食率低于无毒条件下的滤食率。然而，在最初的2小时之后，有毒条件下的滤食率下降速度不如无毒条件下快，这表明随着时间的推移，该双壳贝类能够适应有毒微藻的存在。关于酶活性，低浓度的有毒微藻对消化酶没有显著影响，但高浓度时脂肪酶活性受到抑制。在所有无毒微藻浓度下，抗氧化酶活性均无显著变化。在高浓度有毒微藻条件下，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性增加，但低水平的SOD和过氧化氢酶活性表明该双壳贝类用于解毒的抗氧化防御可能有限。这些结果表明，该双壳贝类可以通过适应性摄食行为以及消化和抗氧化酶活性的变化来耐受有毒微藻。本研究表明该双壳贝类具有较高的滤食率，并且对高浓度有毒微藻敏感。因此，其生物修复功能需要进一步研究。
