Allameh Seyed Amirhossein, Mokhtari Zeinab, Hosseini Elham, Askari Gholamreza
Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
BMC Psychol. 2025 Sep 25;13(1):1022. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-03307-6.
Food craving (FC) is associated with a higher body mass index (BMI) and less healthy food choices. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have garnered interest as a strategy to address maladaptive eating behaviors. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of MBIs in reducing FC.
We included controlled trials involving adult participants. A comprehensive search of Embase, MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and CENTRAL was conducted up to July 7, 2024. The Cochrane RoB2 tool was used to assess the risk of bias in included studies, and the GRADE framework was applied to evaluate the certainty of evidence. Effect sizes were calculated using Hedges’ with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results favoring MBIs over control conditions were interpreted as statistically significant positive effects.
A total of 24 studies (1920 participants) were included. FC intensity was significantly reduced in the MBI group compared to controls (Hedges’ g = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.07–0.48, = .008, = 23), with subgroup analysis suggesting the strongest effect for the decentering strategy. The certainty of evidence was rated as low. FC frequency did not differ significantly between the MBI and control groups ( = 0.11, 95% CI: − 0.28 to 0.49, = .59, = 9). The MBI group exhibited significantly lower rebound intake (i.e., food consumption following the conclusion of the restrictive phase of the study) ( = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.24–1.41, = .006, = 5) and a non-significant reduction in overall intake ( = 0.46, 95% CI: − 0.02 to 0.93, = .06, = 9) relative to controls. No adverse effects were reported.
Preliminary findings suggest that MBIs may be effective and safe interventions for managing FC intensity but not frequency. However, additional high-quality studies are needed to strengthen the evidence base.
CRD42024584334.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40359-025-03307-6.
食物渴望（FC）与较高的体重指数（BMI）以及不健康的食物选择有关。基于正念的干预措施（MBIs）作为一种应对不良饮食行为的策略已引起关注。我们进行了一项系统评价和荟萃分析，以评估MBIs在减少食物渴望方面的有效性。
我们纳入了涉及成年参与者的对照试验。截至2024年7月7日，对Embase、MEDLINE（通过PubMed）、Scopus、Web of Science、ProQuest和CENTRAL进行了全面检索。使用Cochrane RoB2工具评估纳入研究的偏倚风险，并应用GRADE框架评估证据的确定性。效应量使用Hedges'g并结合95%置信区间（CIs）进行计算。与对照条件相比，有利于MBIs的结果被解释为具有统计学意义的积极效应。
共纳入24项研究（1920名参与者）。与对照组相比，MBI组的食物渴望强度显著降低（Hedges'g = 0.28，95% CI：0.07 - 0.48，P = 0.008，I² = 23），亚组分析表明去中心化策略的效果最强。证据确定性被评为低。MBI组和对照组之间的食物渴望频率没有显著差异（P = 0.11，95% CI：-0.28至0.49，I² = 0.59，k = 9）。与对照组相比，MBI组的反弹摄入量（即研究限制期结束后的食物摄入量）显著更低（P = 0.006，I² = 83，k = 5），总体摄入量有非显著减少（P = 0.06，I² = 0.46，k = 9）。未报告不良反应。
初步研究结果表明，MBIs可能是管理食物渴望强度而非频率的有效且安全的干预措施。然而，需要更多高质量研究来加强证据基础。
PROSPERO注册号：CRD42024584334。
在线版本包含可在10.1186/s40359-025-03307-6获取的补充材料。
