Tasouli Foteini, Georgopoulou Eleni, Chatzigrigoriadis Christodoulos, Velissaris Dimitrios, Michailides Christos
Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece.
Biomedicines. 2025 Sep 22;13(9):2315. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13092315.
The heparin-binding protein (HBP) is an enzymatically inactive protein of the serine protease family that plays an important role in host response to stress, especially infection and sepsis. It is produced by activated neutrophils due to a variety of stimuli and is part of the immune response that leads to macrophage, lymphocyte, and neutrophil activation and monocyte adhesion. Its most common repository is the azurophilic granules of the neutrophils. HBP has been studied as a biomarker for several infections, including central nervous system infection, respiratory tract infection, and urinary tract infection, and in several settings, including the Emergency Department and Intensive Care Unit, with promising results. As a biomarker for infection and sepsis, HBP has been compared to other commonly used biomarkers such as Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio, White Blood Count, C-reactive protein, and Procalcitonin, with at least comparable performance. Its sharp increase is promising for the early detection of sepsis. The ability to differentiate inflammatory conditions from infections and bacterial from non-bacterial causes of infection has also been demonstrated. The sepsis-related organ damage, as it is represented by the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, can also be reflected by the proportional increase in HBP. Consequently, HBP could be a helpful and promising biomarker for sepsis and infection.
肝素结合蛋白（HBP）是丝氨酸蛋白酶家族中一种无酶活性的蛋白质，在宿主对应激（尤其是感染和脓毒症）的反应中起重要作用。它由活化的中性粒细胞因多种刺激而产生，是导致巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞和中性粒细胞活化以及单核细胞黏附的免疫反应的一部分。其最常见的储存部位是中性粒细胞的嗜天青颗粒。HBP已被作为包括中枢神经系统感染、呼吸道感染和泌尿系统感染在内的多种感染的生物标志物进行研究，并且在包括急诊科和重症监护病房在内的多种环境中进行了研究，结果很有前景。作为感染和脓毒症的生物标志物，HBP已与其他常用生物标志物（如中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值、白细胞计数、C反应蛋白和降钙素原）进行了比较，其表现至少相当。其急剧升高对于脓毒症的早期检测很有前景。它还具有区分炎症状态与感染以及感染的细菌原因与非细菌原因的能力。由序贯器官衰竭评估评分所代表的与脓毒症相关的器官损伤，也可通过HBP的成比例升高来反映。因此，HBP可能是一种对脓毒症和感染有帮助且很有前景的生物标志物。
