Rafalska Julia, Rusiecka Agnieszka, Bujok Jolanta
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
"Wrocławska" Veterinary Clinic, Wrocławska 7, 55-040 Bielany Wrocławskie, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Sep 22;15(18):2760. doi: 10.3390/ani15182760.
Currently, there are common reference intervals for creatinine levels in dogs, despite different weight categories. This can result in missing the diagnosis of kidney disease at an early stage in small dogs. The aim of this study was to determine and compare available markers of the GFR (serum cystatin C, creatinine and SDMA) in healthy small and miniature dogs. Each dog underwent the same protocol, including physical examination, blood pressure measurement and ultrasound of the urinary system. The serum filtration markers determined in the study were creatinine, cystatin C and SDMA. Urinalysis was performed, including urine specific gravity (USG) and the urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPC). Forty samples were included. The median values with the IQR (interquartile range) for creatinine, SDMA and cystatin C levels in the examined dogs were 63.8 µmol/L (16.7), 10.63 µg/dL (4.64) and 0.5 mg/L (0.2), respectively. Compared with Yorkshire Terriers and Chihuahuas, Maltese dogs had significantly higher median serum creatinine concentration ( < 0.001). Combining results of GFR markers, USG, UPC, patient's clinical condition as well as the breed is mandatory when assessing renal function in small dogs. Maltese dogs may have physiologically higher serum creatinine levels.
目前，尽管犬的体重类别不同，但肌酐水平有通用的参考区间。这可能导致小型犬在肾病早期被漏诊。本研究的目的是确定并比较健康小型和微型犬中肾小球滤过率（GFR）的可用标志物（血清胱抑素C、肌酐和对称二甲基精氨酸[SDMA]）。每只犬都接受相同的方案，包括体格检查、血压测量和泌尿系统超声检查。研究中测定的血清滤过标志物为肌酐、胱抑素C和SDMA。进行了尿液分析，包括尿比重（USG）和尿蛋白/肌酐比值（UPC）。纳入了40个样本。所检查犬的肌酐、SDMA和胱抑素C水平的中位数及四分位间距（IQR）分别为63.8 µmol/L（16.7）、10.63 µg/dL（4.64）和0.5 mg/L（0.2）。与约克夏梗犬和吉娃娃犬相比，马尔济斯犬的血清肌酐浓度中位数显著更高（<0.001）。在评估小型犬的肾功能时，必须综合GFR标志物、USG、UPC、患者的临床状况以及品种的结果。马尔济斯犬的血清肌酐水平可能在生理上较高。
