Zhou Hongyu, Zhang Huiling, Zhang Xueping, Ye Lina, Liu Xinyuan, Zhang Tangjie
College of Veterinary Medicine (Institute of Comparative Medicine), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Vet Sci. 2025 Sep 5;12(9):863. doi: 10.3390/vetsci12090863.
This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence and risk factors of infection in swine farms across mainland China from 2003 to 2024. A total of 54 eligible cross-sectional studies were analyzed by stratifying farms as subclinically or clinically infected. The overall pooled prevalence of was estimated as 33.4%, with clinical infection farms showing a significantly higher prevalence (52.9%) than subclinical farms (11.5%). Subgroup analyses revealed significant variations in infection rates based on age, sampling year, geographic region, farming scale, season, sampling type, and diagnostic method. Small-scale farms, farms with breeding swine, and farms in the Northwest region showed the highest infection rates. Diagnostic methods and sampling types also significantly influenced detection rates. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the results, while publication bias was addressed using the Trim-and-Fill method. To effectively reduce the burden of in the swine industry in mainland China, future efforts should prioritize enhanced biosecurity, improved diagnostic accuracy, and region-specific vaccination and management strategies.
这是对2003年至2024年中国大陆养猪场感染的患病率和风险因素进行的首次系统评价和荟萃分析。通过将猪场分为亚临床感染或临床感染进行分层，共分析了54项符合条件的横断面研究。估计总体合并患病率为33.4%，临床感染猪场的患病率（52.9%）显著高于亚临床猪场（11.5%）。亚组分析显示，基于年龄、采样年份、地理区域、养殖规模、季节、采样类型和诊断方法，感染率存在显著差异。小规模猪场、有繁殖母猪的猪场以及西北地区的猪场感染率最高。诊断方法和采样类型也对检测率有显著影响。敏感性分析证实了结果的稳健性，同时使用修剪填充法解决了发表偏倚问题。为有效减轻中国大陆养猪业的感染负担，未来应优先加强生物安全、提高诊断准确性以及制定针对特定区域的疫苗接种和管理策略。
