Exflagellation of and Dual Infection Diagnosed on Peripheral Blood Film: A Rare Case Report.

Peripheral blood smear examinations are routinely performed as the first investigation to diagnose malaria. Various malarial forms such as Schizonts, ring forms (trophozoites), and gametocytes are seen in the patient's peripheral blood smears. Here, we report a sporadic case of a male patient in his early twenties who presented with dual infection with trophozoites and schizonts of , trophozoites of and multiple exflagellated microgametes of in the peripheral blood smear examination. Identifying the exflagellated form of is challenging due to its similarity with other hemoparasites. Exflagellation is very unusual during the developmental phase in the intermediate hosts such as humans, so exflagellated form should be reported correctly and promptly to receive appropriate treatment and prevent parasite transmission.