Purow Jeremy I, Viera Alejandra, Crist Shaun M, Ruprich Melissa, Ocejo Stephanie, Herrera Joanna, Wahba Peter P, Ruiz-Andia Marco
Oncology, Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, USA.
Malignant Hematology/Bone Marrow Transplant/HIV Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, USA.
Cureus. 2025 Sep 21;17(9):e92844. doi: 10.7759/cureus.92844. eCollection 2025 Sep.
Solitary plasmacytomas (SPs), encompassing both solitary bone plasmacytoma (SBP) and extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP), are rare plasma cell neoplasms that carry a risk of progression to multiple myeloma (MM). This review synthesizes current literature on the prognostic indicators predictive of such progression. High-risk cytogenetic abnormalities have been consistently linked to faster transition to MM. Other factors, such as tumor size, age, and persistent M-protein levels after treatment, are also prognostic factors. While radiotherapy remains the cornerstone of treatment, its curative potential is influenced by these indicators. Time to progression to MM is highly variable. This review highlights the need for standardized risk stratification systems to guide surveillance and treatment decisions in patients with SP.
孤立性浆细胞瘤（SP），包括孤立性骨浆细胞瘤（SBP）和髓外浆细胞瘤（EMP），是罕见的浆细胞肿瘤，有进展为多发性骨髓瘤（MM）的风险。本综述综合了目前关于预测此类进展的预后指标的文献。高危细胞遗传学异常一直与更快地转变为MM相关。其他因素，如肿瘤大小、年龄和治疗后持续的M蛋白水平，也是预后因素。虽然放射治疗仍然是治疗的基石，但其治愈潜力受这些指标的影响。进展为MM的时间差异很大。本综述强调需要标准化的风险分层系统来指导SP患者的监测和治疗决策。
