Moretti Helena, Cioccoloni Giorgia, Perucha Esperanza
Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, Department of Inflammation Biology, King's College London & Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
School of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Front Immunol. 2025 Oct 8;16:1656776. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1656776. eCollection 2025.
Cancer incidence is increasing, becoming a significant public health concern. Cancer arises from the uncontrolled division of cells that cannot be restrained by the anti-tumour response mounted by the immune system. Both tumour and immune cells require high levels of energy in the form of ATP and synthesis of macromolecules to support differentiation and proliferation. To support these metabolic demands, adaptations at the cell, tissue and systemic level are required. Here, we take a systemic perspective to summarise the energetic needs of the anti-tumour response and how metabolic overload and obesity affects these processes. We describe how immunotherapies that aim to reverse immune cell exhaustion have unexpected effects depending on the metabolic background of the patient and finally we propose the use of this knowledge to advance current cancer prevention and treatment strategies.
癌症发病率正在上升，成为一个重大的公共卫生问题。癌症源于细胞的不受控制的分裂，而这种分裂无法被免疫系统发起的抗肿瘤反应所抑制。肿瘤细胞和免疫细胞都需要高水平的以三磷酸腺苷（ATP）形式存在的能量以及大分子的合成来支持分化和增殖。为了满足这些代谢需求，需要在细胞、组织和系统层面进行适应性调整。在这里，我们从系统的角度总结抗肿瘤反应的能量需求，以及代谢过载和肥胖如何影响这些过程。我们描述了旨在逆转免疫细胞耗竭的免疫疗法如何根据患者的代谢背景产生意想不到的效果，最后我们提出利用这些知识来推进当前的癌症预防和治疗策略。
