de Matos Dihogo Gama, de Santana Jefferson Lima, Aidar Felipe J, Cornish Stephen M, Giesbrecht Gordon G, Nunes-Silva Albená, Raj Satish R, Romero-Ortuno Roman, Duhamel Todd A, Villar Rodrigo
Cardiorespiratory & Physiology of Exercise Research Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
Graduate Program in Physical Education and Kinesiology and Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Sao Cristovao 49100-000, Brazil.
J Clin Med. 2025 Oct 13;14(20):7202. doi: 10.3390/jcm14207202.
The cardiovascular system of older adults is significantly impacted by aging, contributing to blood pressure (BP) dysregulation, particularly during postural transitions. This study compared the short-term cardiovascular compensatory responses of younger adults (YA) and older adults (OA) during sit-to-stand and lie-to-stand. Participants underwent two active standing orthostatic stress tests, involving 5 min of sitting or 10 min of lying, followed by up to 7 min of standing. Beat-to-beat cardiovascular parameters were assessed using a Finometer (Finapres Medical Systems). Systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and HR were measured at baseline, immediately on standing, and throughout four specific phases after standing: phase 1 (0-30 s), phase 2 (30-60 s), phase 3 (60-80 s), and phase 4 (300-420 s). CO-SVR matching was evaluated to assess BP regulation timing. : Compared to YA, OA exhibited higher SBP, DBP, MAP, and SVR but lower HR, CO, and SV at baseline. Immediately on standing, OA experienced a greater drop in SBP, DBP, MAP, and SVR, blunted HR, reduced CO, and higher SV. The short-term compensatory responses were delayed (30-60 s), particularly in lie-to-stand, due to a transient CO and SVR mismatch observed in phase 1 and subsequent BP stabilization from phases 2-4. : OA exhibited short-term compensatory cardiovascular dysregulation, particularly during the transition from a lying to a standing position.
老年人的心血管系统受到衰老的显著影响，导致血压（BP）调节失调，尤其是在姿势转换期间。本研究比较了年轻人（YA）和老年人（OA）在从坐姿到站姿以及从躺姿到站姿过程中的短期心血管代偿反应。参与者接受了两项主动站立性直立应激测试，包括5分钟的坐姿或10分钟的躺姿，随后站立长达7分钟。使用Finometer（Finapres Medical Systems）评估逐搏心血管参数。在基线、站立即刻以及站立后的四个特定阶段：阶段1（0 - 30秒）、阶段2（30 - 60秒）、阶段3（60 - 80秒）和阶段4（300 - 420秒）测量收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、平均动脉压（MAP）、心输出量（CO）、每搏输出量（SV）、全身血管阻力（SVR）和心率（HR）。评估CO - SVR匹配以评估血压调节时机。与YA相比，OA在基线时表现出更高的SBP、DBP、MAP和SVR，但HR、CO和SV较低。站立即刻，OA的SBP、DBP、MAP和SVR下降幅度更大，HR反应迟钝，CO降低，SV升高。短期代偿反应延迟（30 - 60秒），尤其是在从躺姿到站姿时，这是由于在阶段1观察到短暂的CO和SVR不匹配以及随后在阶段2 - 4血压稳定所致。OA表现出短期代偿性心血管调节失调，尤其是在从躺姿转换为站立姿势的过程中。
