Garston M J
J Am Optom Assoc. 1977 Nov;48(11):1403-7.
Effective use of diagnostic drugs in primary eye care demands that the optometrist not only be able to better utilize conventional equipment, but also utilize new equipment. This paper offers a simple and straightforward discussion of the Binocular Indirect Ophthalmoscope (BIO). Optical principles, clinical advantages and disadvantages, clinical indications for the instrument, and instrument technique are discussed. A suggested reading list is also presented.