Niwa Shinsuke, Chiba Kyoko
Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan.
Open Biol. 2025 Nov;15(11):250072. doi: 10.1098/rsob.250072. Epub 2025 Nov 26.
Neuronal morphogenesis is regulated by intracellular transport and cytoskeletal dynamics. Kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs), or kinesins, function as molecular motors for intracellular transport and as regulators of the microtubule cytoskeleton, making them essential for neuronal development. has been widely used as a model organism to study neuronal morphogenesis. Due to the critical roles of kinesins in neuronal functions, numerous kinesin mutants, including unique gain-of-function mutants and temperature-sensitive mutants, have been identified through forward genetic screens in . The availability of whole-genome knockout resources and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing has further enabled precise genetic analysis, facilitating the modelling of human kinesin-related diseases in . In this review, we discuss the functions of kinesins in neuronal morphogenesis, focusing on their roles in neuronal transport and cytoskeletal regulations.
神经元形态发生受细胞内运输和细胞骨架动力学调控。驱动蛋白超家族蛋白（KIFs），即驱动蛋白，作为细胞内运输的分子马达以及微管细胞骨架的调节因子，对神经元发育至关重要。已被广泛用作研究神经元形态发生的模式生物。由于驱动蛋白在神经元功能中起着关键作用，通过在中的正向遗传筛选，已鉴定出许多驱动蛋白突变体，包括独特的功能获得性突变体和温度敏感突变体。全基因组敲除资源和CRISPR/Cas9基因组编辑的可用性进一步实现了精确的遗传分析，促进了在中对人类驱动蛋白相关疾病的建模。在本综述中，我们讨论了驱动蛋白在神经元形态发生中的功能，重点关注它们在神经元运输和细胞骨架调节中的作用。
