Hemmingsen R, Barry D I
Acta Physiol Scand. 1979 Jul;106(3):249-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1979.tb06395.x.
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygen consumption (CMRO2) were measured during acute and long-term ethanol intoxication in the rat. The purpose was to investigate whether the adaptive changes (development of tolerance) occurring in the CNS during ethanol intoxication were associated with changes in CBF and/or CMRO2. Consistent with other studies we found that acute severe ethanol intoxication (median blood alcohol concentration (BAC = 5.4 mg/ml)) caused a significant decrease in CBF and CMRO2. After 3-4 days of severe intoxication (BAC of 6.6 mg/ml) these physiological variables were less affected indicating that functional tolerance had developed: CMRO2 and CBF during acute ethanol intoxication were 9.3 ml/100 g/min and 60 ml/100 g/min respectively; after the long term intoxication period these variables reached 11.2 ml/100 g/min and 78 ml/100 g/min respectively, i.e. values not significantly lower than those of the control group. After induction of hypercapnia (PaCO2 about 80 mmHg) CBF increased by 360% in the control group; in the acutely intoxicated group CBF increased by only 127% and in the long term intoxicated group by 203% indicating that the cerebrovascular CO2-reactivity had also adapted to the ethanol intoxication. It is concluded that adaptive changes of the CNS to chronic ethanol intoxication comprise alterations in CMRO2, CBF and cerebrovascular reactivity.
在大鼠急性和长期乙醇中毒期间测量了脑血流量（CBF）和氧耗量（CMRO2）。目的是研究乙醇中毒期间中枢神经系统发生的适应性变化（耐受性的发展）是否与CBF和/或CMRO2的变化有关。与其他研究一致，我们发现急性重度乙醇中毒（中位血醇浓度（BAC = 5.4 mg/ml））导致CBF和CMRO2显著降低。在重度中毒3 - 4天后（BAC为6.6 mg/ml），这些生理变量受影响较小，表明已产生功能性耐受性：急性乙醇中毒期间的CMRO2和CBF分别为9.3 ml/100 g/min和60 ml/100 g/min；长期中毒期后，这些变量分别达到11.2 ml/100 g/min和78 ml/100 g/min，即这些值与对照组相比无显著降低。诱导高碳酸血症（动脉血二氧化碳分压（PaCO2）约为80 mmHg）后，对照组CBF增加了360%；急性中毒组CBF仅增加了127%，长期中毒组增加了203%，这表明脑血管对二氧化碳的反应性也已适应乙醇中毒。结论是，中枢神经系统对慢性乙醇中毒的适应性变化包括CMRO2、CBF和脑血管反应性的改变。
